Scientific revolution
The Scientific Revolution challenged
Religious teachings on the origins of the Universe and explanations for natural phenomena
Natural law was a fundamental idea of the Enlightenment. How was that idea applied to Economics?
Free Markets based on supply and demand
Many Latin American nations gained their independence early in the 19th century. The relationship between the people and their government changed. Slavery existed under colonial governments, but some of the new nations, such as Haiti, did not permit slavery. The abolition of slavery was based on what Enlightenment idea?
Liberty as a natural right of man
Connected with society and the way it is organized.
Social
The freedom of a people to decide under what form of government they wish to live.
Self-Determination
The Scientific Revolution marked a shift from the perception that truth is revealed solely through the Bible and the Church to the perception that
Truth could be learned through experience and investigation
What was one idea that leaders of the American Revolution shared with Enlightenment thinkers?
The people have the right to overthrow their government if it abuses its powers
Which action by the leaders of the French Revolution demonstrates that they were influenced by the Enlightenment ideas?
They called for the fall of the absolute monarchy
Things connected with the trade, industry and development of wealth of a country, an area or a society
Economic
The idea that a government exists only because the people freely allow it to and have given their consent.
Consent of the Governed
The Scientific Revolution's impact on cultural institutions included education. Which TWO statements below are examples of its impact?A:Truth is only what you believe to be true and there are many truths
B: Truth could be learned through experience and investigation
C: Truth comes from studying the traditional ways that have been passed down from generationto generation
D: Truth can never be known because only God can reveal truth
B & C
Some Enlightenment thinkers suggested that humans were naturally good and by freely exercising reason, would act for the common good. The required freedom from the restraints of what TWO institutions?
The church and the government
Enlightenment philosopher such as John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau challenged the ideas of the divine right of kings. They wrote about a government's obligation to uphold people's rights and how the government should be based on the consent of the governed. These new ideas encouraged what actions?
Engage in revolution to establish democratic governments
Things connected with the state, government or public affairs.
Political
A person who advocates thorough or complete political or social reform; a member of a political party
or part of a party pursuing such aims
Radical
How did the discoveries of the Scientific Revolution affect Europeans regarding religion?
Europeans questioned their faith in religion
Which of the following is an ideal promoted by the 18th-centruty French intellectuals?
A:The conclusions of a person should be based on assumptions
B: The government of a nation should be led by a tyrant
C: The belief of a person should be based on superstition
D: The actions of an individual should be based on reason
D
In exploring the relationship between governments and people, Thomas Hobbes argues that governments resulted from a social contract to maintain an orderly society. John Locke, another philosopher of the Enlightenment, inspired American Revolutionaries by arguing that a new social contract could be instituted under what circumstances?
If a government violated people's natural rights
Identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations.
Nationalism
Favoring free enterprise, private ownership, and socially traditional ideas
Conservative
Due to a growing belief that natural laws could define an economic system, the mercantilist system was challenged. What did Enlightenment thinkers believe was a better system?
A free-market economy with limited government regulation
During the Enlightenment, a number of writers explored the relationship between governments and the people they governed. For example, Rousseau wrote the Social Contract, in which he examined ideas about majority will and the common good. How did these ideas influence the American and French Revolution?
They supported movements for social and political changes
Enlightenment philosophers such as John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau write that the relationship between citizens and their government was a social contract. Which statement describes the impact of the idea of government as a social contract on the French Revolution in 1789?
A: The king raised taxes to pay off public debt.
B: French citizens claimed their natural rights
C: The king granted women the right to vote
D: French citizens supported the king against the nobles
B
The agreement by which people define and limit their individual rights, thus creating an organized society or government.
Social Contract
A political and social philosophy that promotes individual rights, civil liberties, democracy, and free enterprise.
Liberal