Civil Rights
Searches and seizures must be based on
Probable Cause
An officer's ability to choose to enforce, or not to enforce is called
discretion
A challenge to law enforcement when dealing with immigrants is...
1. reluctance to report a crime
2. misunderstanding / cultural differences
3. language barriers
The legal obligation incurred as the result of physically or financially injuring another is called
liability
involves moral behavior and doing what is considered right and just.
ethics (or integrity)
Probable Cause is based on
Observations, experiences, circumstances, information
Pepper spray is an example of what type of force?
Less lethal (impact weapons, TASER, chemical irritants)
The most frequently cited reason for joining a gang is
for a sense of belonging
Legal precedents which set new procedural rules create a body of _________ (what type of law)
Case law
Drugs which cause distortion, intense sensory perceptions, and lessen the ability to differentiate between reality and fantasy are called
Hallucinogens
Whan an individual is not (yet) under arrest, but are not free to leave, they are being ___________
detained
Many police agencies have policies requiring officers to consider several factors before continuing a pursuit. Name two
weather, traffic conditions, the offence
Using fear of punishment as an example to society of the consequences of crime is called
general deterrence
Using deterrence as an example to society of the consequences of crime is called
Bill of Rights
These types of tests are administered to determine if a person is emotionally suited for a career in law enforcement.
Psychological
An officer may search when they have...
a warrant, consent
Studies show that women perform as well as men in police work and are less apt to use
excessive force
The clustering of crimes within a geographic area which can show correlations between crime and other societal issues is called...
Crime Mapping
Civil wrong for which the court will seek a remedy in the form of damages is called a _______
tort
Identify two crime data sources
UCR (Uniform Crime Reports)
NCVS (National Crime Victim Survey)
NIMBR (National Incident Based Reporting System)
List the four rights which should be communicated to the arrestee via the Miranda warning
1.Silence
2. Statements can be used
3. Right to attorney
4. Financial assistance w/attorney
Identify the two basic organization units of most police agencies
Filed Services
Administration
Giving up some part of individual freedom in exchange for safety and/or security is part of the....
Social Contract
When the officer has an ulterior motive for a stop, this is called a dual motive stop or a
___________________ stop.
Pretext
The SARA model as it pertains to Community Poicing stand for__________
Scanning
Analyzing
Responding
Assessing