Cell Cycle and Division
What are the three phases of Interphase, and define what happens in each sub-phase.
G1 (Gap 1) - cell grows physically larger
S (Synthesis) - cell synthesizes and DNA replication
G2 (Gap 2) - cell grows more and reorganize contents
Suppose a white-furred rabbit breeds with a black-furred rabbit and all of their offspring have a phenotype of black fur. What does the gene for fur color in rabbits appear to be an example of?
LAW OF DOMINANCE - the presence of a dominant allele will always mask the presence of a recessive allele
It studies relationships between living things and the formal classification of organisms into groups according to their characteristics.
What are the characteristics or traits of the kingdom "Animalia", in general?
They lack a cell wall and chloroplasts, are heterotrophic, and are eukaryotic.
What are the two phases of mitosis (division of parent cell into two identical daughter cells)?
Karyokinesis (PMAT) and Cytokinesis
Assuming that both parent plants are homozygous recessive and dominant, why would all of the F1 generation have yellow phenotypes?
When there is a genotype that consists of a dominant and a recessive allele, the phenotype generally looks like the dominant one. In this case, yellow is dominant.
Who is known as the father of taxonomy, due to his formulation of the "binomial nomenclature" and taxonomical order of classification?
What are the two main groupings of the kingdom Animalia?
Phyla of Invertebrates / Phylum Chordata
Prophase - the chromosomes condense / Metaphase - aligning in the center of the dividing cell / Anaphase - the sister chromatids separate from each other and are pulled towards opposite ends of the cell / Telophase - the nucleus forms around each set of daughter chromosomes
The idea that for any particular trait, the pair of alleles of each parent separate and only one allele from each parent passes to an offspring is Mendel's principle of:
Law of Segregation
What are the six kingdoms of classification according to Carolus von Linnaeus?
Animalia, Plantae, Archaebacteria, Eubacteria, Protista, and Fungi
What are the main characteristics of vascular plants and what structure do they have that don't non-vascular plants have?
VASCULAR PLANTS have special vascular tissue in them and the two structures are xylem and phloem, which transports nutrients.
Between a prokaryote and a eukaryote, which cell has a shorter cell division time? Explain your answer through the structure of the cell.
prokaryotic cell
The idea that different pairs of alleles are passed to offspring independently is Mendel's principle of:
Law of Independent Assortment
What are the taxonomical levels of classification, from the biggest to smallest?
What are the two major groups of flowering plants, characterized by having either one or two seed leaves?
monocots and dicots
A certain bacterium in a test tube started dividing at 9:00 a.m. Every minute, the bacteria doubled in number. If the test tube was filled with bacteria at 12:00 noon, at what time was it half-filled with the bacteria?
11:59 AM
What would be the result of a dihybrid cross heterozygous and heterozygous gene? Give the genotypic and phenotypic ratio.
GR: 1:2:2:4:1:2:1:2:1
PR: 9:3:3:1
The two-name classification system used to organize living things is:
binomial nomenclature
What are the main differences of fungi and plantae, making fungi not a part of the kingdom "Plantae"?
Plants are producers, using the energy of the sun to make their food while fungi are decomposers that break down decaying matter. Fungi also reproduces through spores, while plants reproduce sexually or asexually.