Ossification
Is formed by intramembranous ossification
The flat bones of the skull, clavicle, and cranium bones
Dense irregular CT that surrounds the bone where articular cartilage does not. Also an attachment point for ligaments and tendons
What is the periosteum
Stem cells that derives from mesenchyme and are the precursor for osteoblasts, osteoclast, and osteocytes
What is a osteoprogenitor cell
Basic structure of compact bone
Osteons
Forms after blood is released from damage blood vessels
Hematoma
Is formed by endochondral ossification
Long bones and axial skelton
The main portion of the long bone, holds the medullary cavity
Diaphysis
Maintains the bone matrix
Builds bone matrix
Breaks down bone matrix
Osteocytes
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts
Incredibly strong and dense. Provides protection, and support, and resists stress produced by weight and movement.
The importance of compact bone
Bone penetrates skin
Bone stays in skin
Open
Closed
Derived straight form mesenchyme
Bone
A thin layer of hyaline cartilage that covers part of the epiphysis. Also where bones joint/form articulation with one another
Articular Cartilage
How are osteocytes made
Osteoblasts become entombed in the bone matrix as it mineralizes
provides blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels from the periosteum to the osteon
Volkman's Canal
Bone is in 3 or more pieces
Comminuted
Is the intermediate step before becoming bone
Forming the cartilage matrix
The region holding the epiphyseal plate where the diaphysis and epiphysis fuse together
Metaphysis
When ossification exceeds bone loss
During adolescence
Houses osteoctytes
Lacunae
Incomplete fracture most popular in children
Greenstick
Chondrocytes swell in the lacunae forming vacuoles
The swelled chondrocytes compress the matrix
The perichondrium is vascularized (triggered by blood vessel invasion of the cartilage template)
Perichondrium-->Periosteum
Membrane that lines the medullary cavity
The type of bone marrow in the medullary cavity
Endosteum
Yellow Bone Marrow
When bone loss exceeds ossification
Older age
communication canals between lacunae and provides routes for nutrients, oxygen, and waste from haversion canals to osteocytes
Canaliculi
What does displaced fractures, open fractues, and comminuted frcatures have in common
Needs surgery