Phrase structure
What does "S → NP VP" represent in phrase structure rules?
A sentence consists of a noun phrase followed by a verb phrase.
Give 200 pts to a team.
What is the topmost node in a tree diagram?
S (Sentence)
Which movement is involved in changing "She is going." to "Is she going?"?
Auxiliary inversion
What does recursion allow in syntax?
Infinite sentence generation by embedding _____ within ______.
phrases - phrases
What is the basic word order of English sentences?
Subject Verb Object
Which rule describes the structure of a prepositional phrase?
PP → P NP (A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition followed by a noun phrase)
Which phrase contains both a noun and an adjective in its tree structure?
Noun Phrase (NP).
What type of movement is used in forming questions like "What did you eat?"?
Wh-movement.
Double points
How does recursion appear In the sentence "The boy who was tired slept.", recursion appears by embedding a ______ clause within the _____ phrase.
relative - phrase.
Identify the type of sentence: "If it rains, we will cancel the picnic."
Conditional sentence.
Give 200 pts to a team.
In the rule NP → Det N, what does Det stand for?
Determiner
:D
Lose some points
In the sentence "The cat sleeps", how many branches are there in the tree diagram?
Three (NP, VP, and their components).
-300 pts
In passive transformation, what element of the sentence moves to the subject position?
The object
Take 200 pts from a team
Expand the sentence "The girl smiled." using recursion.
"The girl who won the race smiled
What type of sentence is "Close the door!"?
Imperative sentence.
Write the phrase structure rule for an adjective phrase that includes an adverb.
AdjP → Adv Adj (Adjective Phrase consists of an adverb followed by an adjective)
What is the role of branching in tree diagrams?
It shows hierarchical relationships between sentence components.
Apply Wh-movement to the sentence: "She will read the book."
"What will she read?"
Provide an example of a recursive structure in Vietnamese or another language you know.
:D
Lose some points
How does a declarative sentence differ from an interrogative sentence?
Declarative sentences state facts, while interrogative sentences ask questions.
+ 400 pts
"In phrase structure rules, a verb phrase (VP) can contain both a verb and a noun phrase."
True or False?
True
Double points
Draw a tree diagram for "The boy quickly ran."
(Students draw it themselves; S → NP VP, NP → Det N, VP → Adv V)
Describe the transformation from active to passive in the sentence "The chef cooked the meal."
"The meal was cooked by the chef."
"Recursion allows for sentences to be formed without any limit on the number of embedded clauses."
True
Transform the declarative sentence "He will finish the project." into an interrogative one.
"Will he finish the project?"