Rock Cycle
What rock forms from cooled magma or lava?
Igneous
What is the name of the famous fault found in California?
San Andreas Fault
What plate boundary exists when plats pull away from eachother?
Divergent
Which type of crust is most dense?
Old, oceanic crust
The name of the point where an earthquake origniates.
Focus
What are the steps needed for sediments to become sedimentary rock?
Compaction & Cementation
What is responsible for moving the plates along the Earth's surface? There are two factors.
Convection currents and subduction of plates.
The San Andreas Fault is an example of what type of boundary?
Transform
The name of a region where one plate is pushed under another.
Subduction zone
The name of the location directly above the origin of the earthquake.
Epicenter
What type of rock forms as the result of intense heat and pressure?
Metamorphic
Explain how convection currents work.
What geologic FEATURE is found where two continents collide?
Mountains
Which crust is considered to be mafic?
Oceanic
The name of the wave type that travels the fastest through the rock.
P-wave
What is the process of rocks being broken down by wind, ice, rain, etc.
Weathering
Who proposed the theory of continental drift?
Wegner
O-O The two plates meet and one is pushed under the other. The plate that is subducted is the older, denser plate.
O-C When the two plates meet, the oceanic will always subduct under the continental plate. This is because the the continental plate is much less dense than the oceanic plate.
Explain what it means for continental crust to be felsic in nature.
It is less dense and is made of more silicates and less iron.
What boundary is most likely to be associated with earthquakes?
Transform
The sedimentary rock is buried deep underground. As it is buried it will heat up and begin to turn into a metamorphic rock. If it is buried deep enough it can eventually melt into magma.
Seafloor spreading occurs at mid-ocean ridges. Why isn't the size of the planet getting larger over time?
Because where plates meet the material is being pushed down into the mantle and recycled.
Explain why continental-continental convergent boundaries DON'T result in volcanoes.
Continental crust rests on top of a layer of dense crust. When two continents collide, one is pushed under; however, it is not dense enough to fully subduct. This causes the other plate to be pushed up and twist to accommodate the forces. Since no plate is being subducted, there is no rock melting to form volcanoes.
What is the name of the plastic-like layer of the mantle that the lithosphere slides along?
Asthenosphere.
Explain what can happen as the result of an earthquake on the ocean floor AND how it happens.
It can cause a tsunami, because if the plate gets pushed up the water is pushed up with it (displaced) and the energy will cause it to spread out and move until it reaches land.