Definitions
The genetic code to make all of the proteins in an organism
What is DNA?
This mutation refers to a single deletion and insertion (substitution) of a single nucleotide
What is point mutation?
This molecule carries out the various functions of the body (the factory worker of the body)
What is protein?
This nitrogenous base is present in RNA but not DNA (Two/Uno)
What is Uracil?
the process of creating proteins from DNA
what is protein synthesis?
group of 3 nucleotides; how mRNA is read to create proteins
This mutation refers to an addition or a deletion of at least 1 nucleotide, causing a shift in the entire reading frame of the DNA
What is frameshift mutation?
This is the structure of a protein a linear polypeptide chain (primary, secondary, tertiary, or quaternary?)
what is the primary structure?
a mutation in the DNA sequence might affect the final result of ______ formation
what is protein?
the process of creating mRNA from DNA
What is transcription?
the molecule that actually translates mRNA into a peptide chain
What is tRNA?
this mutation is more likely to be detrimental to the process of protein synthesis
what is frameshift mutation?
What is the correct order of events in protein synthesis?
DNA --> RNA --> Amino Acids (proteins)
Where is the mutation between the WT and Mu DNA?
Is it a point or frameshift mutation
WT: GAC CTA TCG GTC
Mu: GAC CTA TAC GTC
Point
TCG
TAC
the process of creating proteins (amino acid chains) from mRNA
What is translation?
This is the study of what is passed down between family members to give each other the same traits
What is genetics?
This is a type of point mutation in which the mutation of the DNA leads to a different amino acid being added to the final protein
what is missense mutation?
How would you transcribe the following DNA sequence?
TAC GGC ACT
AUG CCG UGA
This nitrogenous base is in DNA but NOT RNA
Thyamine
This is the organelle in which translation takes place
what is the ribosome?
building block of all proteins
What are amino acids?
This type of mutation changes the DNA but codes for the same amino acid
what is silent mutation?
using a codon chart, what would be the amino acids for the mRNA sequence:
AUG UUC AGG UGA
Met-Leu-Glu-stop
this is another term used to describe DNA that refers to the double stranded twisted DNA structure
this is the organelle in which transcription takes place
what is the nucleus?