Rhythms and Sounds
The two shockable rhythms
What are ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation
The three possible names given to the final active filling phase of disatole
What are presystole, atrial systole, and atrial kick
The Disney movie drugs used for MIs
What is MONA (morphine, oxygen, nitro, aspirin)
Excretion of contrast
Why we are checking the patient's kidney function
Dying from a broken heart
What is Takasubo's Cardiomyopathy
LUB DUB DUB
What is ventricular gallop or S3 heart sound
The cardiac biomarkers used to assess damage to the heart
What is Troponin I and T, CK-MB, CK, and myoglobin
SABAs, LAMAs, LABAs, ICS's
SABA (Albuterol), LAMA (Glycopyrrolate, Tiotropium), LABA (Salmeterol, Formoterol), ICS (Fluticasone)
Consistent, crescendo, incapacitating, pain at rest, objective evidence of ischemia
What is stable, unstable, intractable/refractory, variant angina, and silent ischemia
Beck's triad
What is JVD, muffled heart sounds, and hypotension
Summation gallop sound
What is LUB LUB DUB DUB
The three indicators of pulse deficit
What are A-fib, a-flutter, and PVC
The first line antituberculosis meds
What is Isoniazid, Rifampin, Rifabutin, Rifapentine, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol
Indications: PCI/meds not effective for angina, left main coronary artery is stenosed, multivessel CAD, HF, MI
What are the indications for CABG
Indications for the removal of a trach
Spontaneous breathing occurs, coughing up secretions, swallowing, and movement of the jaw
The order of depolarization and repolarization in regard to action potential
P wave is atrial depolarization, QRS is ventricular depolarization and atrial repolarization, and T wave is ventricular repolarization
This pressure value will have Increased right ventricular preload (hypervolemia) and reduced right ventricular preload (hypovolemia)
What is CVP greater than 6 and CVP less than 2
The first line antituberculosis meds
Meds used to treat stable angina
Nitro, beta blockers-metoprolol and atenolol, calcium channel blockers-amlodipine and diltiazem, antiplatelet-aspirin and clopidogrel (Plavix), and anticoagulants (heparins)
Thick, purulent fluid within the pleural space with the development of a loculated area
What is empyema
Often mistaken for a split S2 or an S3 but is the opening of a stenotic mitral valve and does not vary with respirations
What is the opening snap
Afterload: Systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary vascular resistance
What is resistance to LEFT ventricular ejection and resistance to RIGHT ventricular ejection
Meds used in cardiac arrest
Epi, Norepi, dopamine, atropine, amiodarone, sodium bicarb, mag sulfate
Treatment guidelines for acute MI (Chart 23-7)
Rapid transit to hospital, 12-lead ECG to be read within 10 min, labs of cardiac biomarkers, routine medical interventions (MONA, Beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, anticoagulants, statins) Evaluate for reperfusion therapy (PCIs, and thrombolytic therapy)
Age >65, alcoholism, beta-lactam therapy in the past 3 months, immunosuppressive disorders, multiple medical comorbidities, exposure to children in daycare
What are the risk factors for infection with penicillin-resistance and drug-resistance pneumococci