Terminology Anatomy
Name the directional terms used to describe the regions of the brain (Draw this out)
What are rostral, caudal, dorsal, ventral, medial and lateral?
Name the two types of photoreceptors.
What are rods and cones?
Name the two important structures in the inner ear.
What are the cochlea and basilar membrane?
What is the name of the small protrusions from the dendrites of our olfactory receptor cells?
What is the cilia?
Name the lobe responsible for motor function
what is the frontal lobe
Name the 3 sectional cuts of the brain. (Draw this out)
What are coronal, sagittal, and horizontal plane?
Name the characteristics of rods and cones.
What are [rods: functions in low lights, no color detection, low spatial acuity] and [cones: functions in high light levels, color detection, high spatial acuity]?
Name the brain region that had tonotopic organization
What is the primary auditory cortex?
Our Cilia are coated with ___ and when odorants are detected they ___ the cell which initiates a(n) ___
What are G-protein-coupled-receptors, depolarize, and action potential?
Name the neurotransmitter that's released onto muscle fibers.
What is acetylcholine?
Name the main responsibilities of the four brain lobes.
What is...
Occipital Lobe (vision), Temporal lobe (sensory processing), Parietal lobe (w/ PFC to make decisions and receive sensory info), and Frontal lobe (judgment and motor control)?
Name the cell layer in the retina that fires action potentials.
What are retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)?
Name the actions that occur when stereocilia physically bend
What is the mechanically-gated K+ channels open and K+ flows into the cell?
What are the two regions that can be directly stimulated by the piriform cortex?
What are the thalamus and emotion regions?
Parkinson’s disease is primarily caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in this brain structure
What is the substantia nigra?
Name the two responsibilities of the brainstem.
What are controls automatic functions (e.g., sleeping, breathing) and makes modulatory neurotransmitters (DA, 5-HT, NE)?
Describe the pathway of auditory information processing.
What is spiral ganglion neurons → nuclei in the medulla → inferior colliculus → thalamus → cortex?
What is they'll be sent to the same glomerulus in the olfactory bulb?
Damage to this brain structure can result in uncoordinated movements and difficulty with tasks like walking or writing.
What is the cerebellum?
Name the main responsibilities of the thalamus and hypothalamus
What are sensory relay (thalamus) and controls the endocrine system (hypothalamus)?
DAILY DOUBLE: Name what would occur if your optic chiasm is fully cut.
What is visual information from the left and right edges of the visual field would be lost?
If your inner hair cells are damaged, what must be directly stimulated by cochlear implants to help you hear?
What is the spiral ganglion neurons?
You experience damage specifically to the part of the thalamus that is responsible for sending odor information from the olfactory cortex (piriform cortex) to frontal cortex. Name the consequence be.
What is normal emotional processing but impaired conscious processing?
List the correct order of motor control steps: decision-making, motor planning, muscle activation, sensory processing, command execution
What is sensory processing → decision-making → motor planning → command execution → muscle activation?