Monarchy
When a ruler (King or Queen) has complete control over a government & people
Absolute Monarchy
Government has a constitution that limits Monarchs power
Limited Monarchy
sought to regulate colonial trade & manufacturing
Navigation Acts
nobles, clergy, & others who fled France
Emigres
steps down from power
Abdicates
The authority to rule came directly from God
Divine Right
Government whose power is defined & limited by law. This also saw the rise of political parties
Constitutional Monarchy
Idea that government power comes directly from the people
Popular Sovereignty
working class who pushed revolution into radical phase to end monarchy
Sans-culottes
Hit & run war tactics, used against the French
Guerilla Warfare
At age 23 he takes over the government & took the role of the “Sun King” & rules over France
Louis XIV
Head of the cabinet & chief official of the British government
Prime Minister
Nobility, Clergy, & everyone else
Estates
Intellectuals & lawyers who used pamphlets & newspapers to build support
Jacobins
Code of laws that recognized the equality of all citizens be fore the law, religious tolerance, & abolition of feudalism
Napoleonic Code
The adoption of Western ideas, technology, & culture
Westernization
Unchanging principles, discovered through reason, that govern all human conduct
Natural Laws
Legislative body of France consisting of representatives from 3 estates
Estates-General
Fast-falling blade used to behead those found of crimes. Robespierre eventually succumbs to it
Guillotine
Popular vote by ballot. France strongly supported him, even though he had absolute power
Plebiscite
He first takes the throne at age 10, but eventually puts Russia on a path to modernize
Peter the Great
God given rights that we all have from birth. Life, Liberty, & Property
Natural Rights
A medieval fortress used a a prison for political prisoners
Bastille
A Strong feeling of pride in & devotion to one’s country
Nationalism
incorporated, Napoleon did this to join countries into the French Empire
Annexed