Cultural Exchanges
What religion spread to the Americas through European colonization?
Christianity.
Which empire colonized most of Central and South America?
Spanish Empire.
What innovation made long-distance sea voyages possible by allowing ships to sail against the wind?
Lateen sail.
What was one crop introduced from the Americas to Europe that helped fuel population growth?
Potatoes or maize.
What was the name of the transatlantic journey that transported enslaved Africans to the Americas?
Middle Passage
Name one syncretic religion that developed in the Americas as a result of African traditions mixing with Christianity.
Vodun (Voodoo).
What was the name of the economic system where colonies provided raw materials to the mother country and served as markets for its goods?
Mercantilism.
Name the Portuguese explorer who first reached India by sailing around the Cape of Good Hope.
Vasco da Gama.
Name one domesticated animal brought from Europe to the Americas.
Horses, pigs, or cattle.
Which silver mine in modern-day Bolivia became one of the richest in the world and fueled global trade?
PotosÃ.
What three Asian luxury goods remained highly desired in Europe, leading to continued trade with Asia?
Spices, silk, porcelain.
Which European empire controlled trade in the Indian Ocean by setting up fortified trading posts?
Portuguese Empire.
Which type of ship, used by the Portuguese and Spanish, was designed for long-distance exploration?
Caravel.
What was the most devastating disease brought to the Americas by Europeans?
Smallpox.
What type of company, funded by investors, reduced the financial risk of exploration?
Joint-stock company.
Which famous philosopher, during the Enlightenment, advocated for the separation of powers in government, influencing modern political systems?
Montesquieu.
Which Southeast Asian port city became a major trading hub under Portuguese control, facilitating the spice trade in the Indian Ocean?
Malacca.
What navigation tool, borrowed from the Islamic world, allowed sailors to measure latitude?
Astrolabe.
Which animal brought to the Americas during the Columbian Exchange drastically changed transportation and warfare for many Indigenous peoples?
The horse.
Which European empire dominated the spice trade in the 17th century?
Dutch Empire.
What syncretic religion emerged in South Asia during this period, combining elements of Hinduism and Islam?
Sikhism.
Which English colony, established in 1607, became the first permanent settlement in North America?
Jamestown
Name the treaty that divided the New World between Spain and Portugal.
Treaty of Tordesillas.
What was the environmental impact of the introduction of European livestock to the Americas?
Overgrazing, deforestation, and soil depletion.
What was the primary commodity traded from the Americas to Europe in the triangular trade?
Sugar.