Basics of Low GWP Refrigerants
What does GWP stand for?
Global Warming Potential.
What property does GWP measure?
A refrigerant's impact on global warming compared to CO₂.
Why must refrigerant cylinders be transported upright?
To prevent liquid leakage and ensure safety
How often must reusable refrigerant containers be hydrostatically tested?
Every five years.
What is the maximum burning velocity for a refrigerant to be classified as 2L?
10 cm/s.
What does an A2L classification signify about a refrigerant?
Mild flammability and low toxicity.
Define the term "flammable refrigerant."
A refrigerant that can ignite when mixed with air in sufficient concentration.
What is the role of an electronic leak detector?
To identify refrigerant leaks in a system.
What type of tools should be used with A2L refrigerants?
Non-sparking tools to reduce ignition risk.
Which refrigerant has a GWP of less than 1?
R-1234yf.
Name two refrigerants classified as A2L.
R-32 and R-1234yf.
What is the atmospheric lifetime of a refrigerant?
The time a refrigerant remains in the atmosphere before breaking down.
What is the significance of a refrigerant's Lower Flammability Limit (LFL)?
It indicates the minimum concentration of refrigerant in air that can ignite
Why is purging with nitrogen recommended before repairing a refrigerant system?
To prevent flammable refrigerant-air mixtures.
Why are A2L refrigerants not suitable for some existing systems?
They require specialized equipment and safety measures due to flammability.
What standard defines refrigerant classifications, such as A2L?
ASHRAE Standard 34
What is the key difference between A1 and A2L refrigerants?
A1 refrigerants are non-flammable, while A2L are mildly flammable.
Name one safety precaution when working with A2L refrigerants.
Ensure proper ventilation in the workspace.
What is the penalty for venting refrigerants illegally in the U.S.?
Fines of up to $44,000 per violation.
What standard provides installation guidelines for systems using A2L refrigerants?
UL Standard 60335-2-40.
What agency enforces refrigerant regulations in the U.S.?
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).
What is the primary environmental benefit of low GWP refrigerants?
Reduced contribution to global warming.
What is an ATEL, and why is it important?
Acute Toxicity Exposure Limit; it defines the safe concentration for short-term exposure.
Which refrigerant property affects the size of recovery cylinders required?
The refrigerant's density.
What is the main challenge in transitioning to low GWP refrigerants globally?
Balancing environmental benefits with flammability and safety considerations.