Ecology
All of the populations of organisms within a given area.
Community
Age structure of a country with more younger people than older people has an age structure diagram that is widest at the bottom and narrowest at the top.
Population Pyramid
A pest control method that blends different methods to produce the desired effects
Integrated Pest Management
A resource that a population cannot live without and that occurs in quantities lower than the population would require to increase in size.
Limiting resource
A major driver of demographic transition.
Economic development
A type of farming practice that focuses on the production of only one type of crop
Monoculture/Mono-cropping
The limit of how many individuals in a population the environment can sustain.
Carrying capacity (K)
When individuals with similar genotypes—typically relatives—breed with
each other and produce offspring that have an impaired ability to survive and reproduce
Inbreeding depression
A technique used to spread water to soils in dry, hot areas, and can increase the moisture in the soil.
Irrigation
A growth model that estimates a population’s future size (Nt ) after a period of time (t), based on the intrinsic growth rate (r) and the number of reproducing individuals currently in the population (N0).
Exponential growth model (Nt = N0e^rt )
The principle stating that two species competing for the same limiting resource cannot coexist.
Competitive exclusion principle
A technique used to ensure soil nutrients like Nitrogen and Phosphorus are replenished with every season
Crop rotation
A pattern of survival over time in which there is low survivorship early in life with few individuals reaching adulthood.
Type III survivorship curve
An equation used to estimate the impact of the human lifestyle on the environment: Impact = population × affluence × technology.
IPAT equation
A concept which states that if many people enjoy free access to a finite, valuable resource, such as a pasture, they will tend to overuse it.
Theory of the Commons