AH Final Part 1

Inflammation & Immunity

100

What are the 2 parts of our immune system

innate & adaptive

200

The ability of our immune system to recognize our self versus non-self cells

Self-Tolerance

300

Components of our innate immunity

inflammation & infection

400

Adaptive Immunity is further broken into

antibody mediated immunity

cell mediated immunity

500

Type of immunity in which macrophages and T lymphocytes work with B cells to make antigen-antibody interactions

Antibody Mediated Immunity

Immunity Types

100

antigen enters the body and antibodies are created to fight it

natural active

200

vaccination or immunization

artificial active

300

antibodies passed from mother to baby

natural passive

400

blood transfusions are an example of this type of immunity

artificial passive

500

hormone-like proteins that modify inflammation and immunity

cytokines

Infection

100

The best method for preventing infection transmission

hand hygiene

200

What are the different routes of transmission (5)

respiratory tract

GI tract

GU tract

skin or mucous membranes

bloodstream

300

assumes that all body excretions, secretions, membranes and tissues are infectious

standard precautions

400

This type of precaution involves a private room or cohorting, gloves, gown, hand washing (no hand sanitizer), and dedicated patient equipment.

used for: MRSA, CDiff, VRE, scabies, lice

Contact Precautions

500

This drug is weight based, can be nephrotoxic & ototoxic, can cause flushing or itching. Need to monitor peaks and troughs. Red Man Syndrome

Vancomycin

Fluid & Electrolytes

100

What is the normal sodium range

135-145

200

What is the normal Magnesium Range

1.3-2.1

300

Lactated Ringers and Normal Saline are this type of solution

isotonic

400

3% saline and D10W are examples of this type of solution

hypertonic

500

This electrolyte is important for the maintenance of blood volume and blood pressure. Alterations can cause changes in level of consciousness

sodium

Preload & Afterload

100

the stretch of the fibers at the end of diastole

Preload

200

resistance that ventricles need to overcome to eject blood through semilunar valves out to peripheral blood vessels

Afterload

300

How do beta blockers affect preload and afterload

increase preload

decrease afterload

400

What effect do fluids have on preload and afterload

increase both

500

administering a vasodilator will have this effect on preload and afterload

it will decrease both