The tendency to seek out information that confirms our beliefs.
What is confirmation bias?
The name of the monopoly started by J.D. Rockefeller
What is Standard Oil Company?
Location for European Immigrants to face inspections before entering the United States
What is Ellis Island?
Wrote to expose the abuses and corruptions of society through journalism or activism.
Who are muckrakers?
Gold and Land/Railroad Expansion.
Why did White Settlers want western land?
The four steps to evaluating sources AND their purposes.
What are Sourcing (to find where a source comes from/identify bias and trustworthiness), Contextualization (to find what influenced a source), Corroborate (to compare sources and determine trustworthiness), Close Reading (to evaluate claims and determine trustowrthiness).
Increase in crop production and decrease in agricultural workers
This push factor was one of the top reasons for leaving Russia for Jewish immigrants trying to survive the Pogroms.
what is religious persecution?
This "Deal" targeted Election Reform, Trustbusting, and Conservation Reform
What was Teddy Roosevelt's Square Deal?
abolished slavery, granted citizenship, and gave Black men the right to vote.
ORIGINAL RECORDS USED OR CREATED BY SOMEONE WITH FIRSTHAND EXPERIENCE OF THE EVENT; PRODUCED BY PEOPLE WHO PARTICIPATED IN AND WITNESSED THE PAST
EX: DIARY, PHOTOGRAPHY, AUTOBIOGRAPHY
What is a Primary Source
This technological innovation increased the amount of tall and sturdy buildings in cities. Led to the creation of the city skyline as the designing and constructing of skyscrapers and bridges increased.
What is Steel/Bessemer Process?
Improvements in transportation, tenement housing, sewage systems, americanization, clean water, crime & fire.
What are effects/challenges of urbanization?
This president was responsible for Progressive legislation such as the Clayton Anti-Trust Act, The Federal Income Tax, and the Federal Reserve Banking System.
Who was Woodrow Wilson?
Working to pay off a debt.
(Identify the Evaluating Sources step detailed in the following example:)
A student is researching popular culture in the United States during the 2000's. She has found a book on the subject and will need to determine what events may have influenced 2000's culture. She does this by identifying the publication date of the book and how it fits into a timeline of the 2000's.
What is contextualization?
Increased transportation & time zones, growth of urban populations, expansion of the wealth gap, more job opportunities, labor unions
What are the effects of Industrialization?
Before Roosevelt's election reform, ________________ ______________ operated within ______________ ______________ to bribe immigrants and voting citizens for votes and support.
What are political bosses and political machines?
We learned about 3 Progressive Era constitutional amendments that were passed to address Political, Social, and economic issues. Name them AND their descriptions.
What were:
16th Amendment - Federal Income Tax
17th Amendment - Citizens vote directly for senators
19th Amendment - Women Vote
After Reconstruction, old political and social structures remerged in the form of ____________ _____________, such as The Grandfather Clause, and ________ _______ laws.
What are voting restrictions and Jim Crow?
Three steps of Evaluating Sources that all specialize in identifying whether a source is trustworthy or not
What are Sourcing, Corroborating, and Close Reading
While Andrew Carnegie practiced ________________ and _______________ integration, J.D. Rockefeller took the following steps IN ORDER to monopolize his Standard Oil Company.
What is Vertical and Horizontal?
What is:
1. LOWER WAGES
2. LOWER COSTS OF OIL
3. BUY OUT COMPETITORS (HORIZONTAL)
4. RAISE PRICES AGAIN
Three ways mass immigration affected city life and infrastructure.
What are: Needed more Housing, needed clean water, and crime grew as a result (or transportation)
Jacob Riis wrote about factory conditions being unsanitary including cut-off _____________ and rat ______________ and _________________. Name the two federal solutions to these problems AND what each Act did.
What were: fingers, poison and droppings?
What were the Pure Food and Drug Act (no contamination of meat and drugs) and the Meat Inspection Act (required cleanliness of factories & inspection of meat)?
Two specific ways that the U.S. Government's Reservation Policy affected Native Americans.
What are:
Killing Bison