Lesson 4
a land northeast of Egypt, settled by the ancient Israelites, from about 1800 to 70 C.E.
Canaan
a body of water north of Africa
Nile river
the period of time someone rules, usually royalty
Reign
an existence after death
Afterlife
a pyramid outline showing the positions of social classes according to their status in society
Social pyramid
a nation in Northeast Africa, first settled around 3100 B.C.E.
Egypt
the shape and elevation of surface features, such as mountains or deserts, of a place or region
Topography
one of the first female pharaohs of ancient Egypt
Hatshepsut
a symbol used in hieroglyphics, a system of writing developed around 3000 B.C.E.
Hieroglyph
the position, or standing, of an individual compared to others in the same society
Status
a river in southwestern Asia that flows from the Lebanon Mountains, south through the Sea of Galilee, into the Dead Sea
Jordan river
the natural features on Earth’s surface, such as landforms and bodies of water
Physical geography
a ruler of ancient Egypt
Pharon
of high birth or rank
Noble
a family or group that rules for several generations
Dynasty
a society along the Nile River, south of Egypt, from about 2000 B.C.E. to 350 C.E.
Kush
the plants of a place or region
Vegetation
an ancient Egyptian pharaoh, known as “Ramses the Great”; skilled as a military leader; and responsible for building many monuments, including the temple at Abu Simbel
Ramses II
a person who does farm work
Peasant
a body of water north of Africa
Mediterranean sea
the government or controlling power
Authority
a written agreement by which two or more states agree to peaceful relations
Treaty
a group in society that is ranked by factors such as wealth, property, and rights
Social class