Antidepressant Classes
SSRI
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
Fluoxetine, sertraline, escitalopram
SSRI
SSRI, benzodiazepine, buspirone
How long do antidepressants take to take full effect?
4-6 weeks
SSRI Side Effects
Serotonin syndrome
Suicidal thoughts
Sexual dysfunction
Stomach upset
SNRI
Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors
Duloxetine, Venlafaxine
SNRI
Antidote for benzodiazepine overdose
Flumazenil
s/sx of serotonin syndrome
agitation, diaphoresis, fever, and tremors
MAOI side effect
Hypertensive crisis
MAOI
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
Isocarboxazid, Phenelzine
MAOI
Mechanism of action for benzodiazepines
Central Nervous System (CNS) depressant
What foods to avoid when taking an MAOI?
Avoid foods high in tyramine (aged cheese, avocado, banana, cured meats, chocolate, and red wine) as they can lead to HTN crisis
What is bupropion used off-label for?
ADD/ADHD
TCA
Tricyclic Antidepressants
Amitriptyline, Doxepin
TCA
Buspar benefit
Dependency is not likely
Patient teaching with trazodone
Take medication at bedtime as it will cause sedation
Ensure you have 7-8 hours to sleep after taking medications
Patient teaching with bupropion
Take in the morning as medication can be slightly activating
Avoid alcohol as bupropion can lower the seizure threshold
Do not use with eating disorders as weight loss can occur
Atypical
Trazodone, Mirtazapine
Trazodone, Bupropion, Mirtazapine
Atypical antidepressants
What supplement is contraindicated with SSRIs?
St. Johns Wort
TCA patient teaching
Chew sugar free gum to help with dry mouth
Wear sunglasses
Consume a high fiber diet
Increase fluid intake
Effective For Sadness, Panic, and Compulsions.
Escitalopram
Fluoxetine/Fluvoxamine
Sertraline
Paroxetine
Citalopram