FEUDALISM
King.
Cities were typically surrounded by these structures to keep the people inside them safe.
Walls
This group/social class provided most of the labor on medieval manors.
Peasants/serfs.
This is one way that the Catholic Church had more power than kings in medieval Europe.
1. The Pope sometimes crowned kings/emperors
2. Power of excommunication/interdict
This class of people were responsible for protecting people on manors and fighting in wars.
Knights.
These ORGANIZATIONS were for people working the same job. They dominated social and economic life in cities and towns.
Guilds.
A manor in medieval Europe was a piece of land where people lived and were able to produce ALL of the things they needed to survive (food, clothes, shelter, etc.) Being able to produce all of these things without outside help is called ___________.
This is one reason that the Catholic Church became the wealthiest organization in medieval Europe.
1. Tithe (10% tax on your earnings goes to the Church.)
2. The Church owned 1/3 of the land in medieval Europe.
This is how lords got their land in feudalism.
More powerful lords gave away fiefs.
This is one benefit of moving to towns and cities in the Middle Ages.
1. Increased economic and education opportunities
2. Diversity of people and ideas
3. Markets allowed for trade and commerce
Serfdom is close to slavery because serfs could not leave the manors without permission, serfs could not refuse to do a task, and serfs were not paid for their labor. What makes serfdom different than slavery?
Serfs could not be bought and sold like property.
1. Took care of the sick, old, and poor
2. Performing sacraments like baptism, communion, marriages, confession, and last rites
3. Presiding over religious ceremonies
4. taught Latin and Bible studies
This is the whole reason that the feudal system developed.
This is one of the advantages of joining a guild in a town or city.
1. promotes cooperation instead of competition
2. training for your job
3. regulation of product quality and price
4. social benefits
Besides being a self-sufficient piece of land owned by a lord in medieval Europe, a "manor" could also be used to describe this building, which kept people living on the manor safe.
Castle.
During the Middle Ages, the Church encouraged clergy (people who work for the Church) to live a life of _________ (even though many clergymen lived rich lifestyles).
Poverty.
This is the name of the code of honor that knights would take to prove that they would be both warriors and gentlemen.
Chivalry.
This is the term for when a young boy is sent to learn how to do a certain job/trade from a professional. This process takes several years.
Apprenticeship.
Name one piece of technology used to improve agriculture/manufacturing in medieval Europe.
1. Heavy plow (for overturning the heavy soil of northern Europe)
2. Water mill (for moving a mill with the force of the current)
3. Crop rotation (changing which fields are used to grow crops in order to promote healthy soil
This term means to be banned from being a part of the Church or taking part in sacraments like communion, confession, and baptism.
Excommunication.