Exercise Science
What is the primary energy system used during a 100-meter sprint?
ATP-PCr system
What is the first step in designing a strength training program?
Conducting a needs analysis
What macronutrient is the primary source of energy during high-intensity exercise
Carbohydrates
What is the difference between concentric and eccentric muscle actions?
Concentric: muscle shortening; Eccentric: muscle lengthening
What test is commonly used to measure aerobic capacity?
VO2 max test
Which muscle type is most responsible for explosive movements like jumping?
Type II (fast-twitch) fibers
What is the recommended rest period for hypertrophy training (in seconds)?
30-90 seconds
What is the recommended daily protein intake (in grams per kg of body weight) for strength athletes?
1.2 - 2.0 grams/kg of body weight
In which plane of motion does a bicep curl primarily occur?
Sagittal plane
What is the purpose of a one-rep max (1RM) test?
To measure the maximum amount of weight an individual can lift in one repetition
What is the term for the amount of force that a muscle can generate at a given velocity?
Force-velocity curve
What is the purpose of periodization in a training program?
o vary the training load to avoid plateaus and improve performance
What is the role of carbohydrates during exercise?
To provide energy for prolonged, moderate-to-high intensity exercise
This is the ability to quickly change the direction or velocity of the body in response to a stimulus?
The perpendicular distance between the line of action of a force and the axis of rotation
Which test assesses an athlete’s ability to change direction rapidly?
Agility
What is the primary role of ATP in muscle contractions?
ATP provides energy for cross-bridge cycling in muscle contraction
What are the 3 things primarily considered when determining Volume Load?
Sets - Reps - Intensity
Which vitamin is essential for collagen formation and recovery?
Vitamin C
Which lever class is used when performing a calf raise?
Second-class lever
Which body composition test uses air displacement to determine body fat percentage?
Bod Pod
Which hormone is most associated with muscle hypertrophy?
Testosterone
What principle is being followed when a program increases workload on the body over time?
Progressive overload
What is the optimal timing for consuming protein post-exercise to maximize muscle protein synthesis?
Within 30-60 minutes post-exercise
What is the primary factor influencing the force production of a muscle?
Cross-sectional area of the muscle
One is the ability to move a joint through its range of motion, the other is soft tissue's ability to stretch?
Mobility and Flexibility