Manifest Destiny
What was Manifest Destiny?
The belief that the U.S. was meant to expand across North America.
Who was Alfred Thayer Mahan?
A U.S. naval officer who said that sea power was the key to global power.
Why was Hawaii’s sugar important to the U.S.?
It was a big part of Hawaii’s economy and important for U.S. trade.
Why was naval power important for U.S. imperialism?
It allowed the U.S. to control trade routes and protect its territories.
What lands did the U.S. get after the Spanish-American War?
The Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico, and temporary control of Cuba.
Who created the idea of Manifest Destiny?
John L. O’Sullivan
What book did Alfred Thayer Mahan write, and why was it important?
The Influence of Sea Power Upon History. It helped shape U.S. naval strategy.
What economic benefits did the U.S. get from the Philippines and Guam?
Access to trade routes in Asia and new resources.
Why was Pearl Harbor a key military base for the U.S.?
It was a refueling station and a defense point in the Pacific.
How did imperialism change the economies of the Philippines and Hawaii?
It made them focus on U.S. needs, like growing cash crops instead of local food.
How did Manifest Destiny lead to U.S. expansion in the Pacific?
It gave Americans a reason to expand their control over lands like Hawaii and the Philippines
Who was Queen Liliuokalani, and what role did she play in Hawaii’s history?
She was the last queen of Hawaii and tried to stop the U.S. from taking control.
Why did sugar plantation owners in Hawaii want annexation?
They wanted to avoid tariffs and sell their sugar for more money.
Why did Alfred Thayer Mahan say the U.S. needed a strong navy?
He said it was necessary to control the seas and become a world power.
What happened politically in Hawaii after it was annexed?
Hawaii lost its monarchy, and the U.S. took full control.
How does Manifest Destiny show ideas of racial superiority?
It suggested that white Americans were better and had the right to dominate other groups
How did Emilio Aguinaldo respond to U.S. control in the Philippines?
He led Filipino fighters against the U.S. in a war for independence.
How did money and trade drive U.S. actions in the Pacific? Two students have to answer.
Open-ended. You might mention trade routes, resources, and economic control.
How did the U.S. use its military to control the Philippines?
By using its navy to block supplies and its army to fight Filipino resistance.
How did U.S. imperialism take away the independence of other countries?
Open-ended. You might talk about the loss of self-rule and U.S. dominance.
Do you think Manifest Destiny was right or wrong? Why? Every student has to answer.
Open-ended. Explain your opinions based on examples from history.
How did these key figures change how the world saw U.S. power? Two students have to answer.
Open-ended. You might say that they showed the strength or limits of U.S. actions.
Was the U.S. focus on money and trade fair to the Pacific Islands? Why or why not?
Open-ended. You should use evidence to defend your answers.
Compare U.S. military strategies in the past with today. How are they similar?
Open-ended. You might talk about using bases and alliances for global influence.
What effects of U.S. imperialism are still visible in the Pacific today?
Open-ended. Examples could include military bases, trade influence, and political ties.