Definitions
Section
Each township was divided into 36 squares called sections. A section is one mile x 1 mile.
What are the 3 parts (policies) of National Policy.
Transportation- build a railway across Canada
Immigration- to encourage people to come to Canada
Economy- to build industries to help Canada grow- mining, logging etc..
Tariff
A tax charged on imported and exported goods
Name of the first Canadian police force.
The North West Mounted Police.
What was the transcontinental railway?
Was a railway that would connect Canada from the east coast to the west coast.
What was National Policy
It was a policy that was introduced to help Canada grow.
What resources were extremely valuable when exploration first happened in Canada.
Furs, land and fish.
Mennonite
A group of people who cam from Russia because they did not believe in fighting.
What was the great march.
When the NWMP headed west to keep the peace.
What did surveyors have to do before they could start building.
They had to find the best route.
Townships
What are large chunks of land divided up by surveyors.
What was the difference between how First Nations used land and how white settlers used land.
First Nations thought it was something to share.
White Settlers theought the land was something to own.
Icelandic
People who came to Canada from Iceland.
What happened to turn the great march into a fiasco.
It turned into a fiasco because their food supply ran low, horses died from lack of water and the expedition got lost.
5 reasons the southern route was picked.
1. Land was flatter
2. Coal deposits were near Lethbridge.
3. Route was closer to the border.
4. In the south the railway company controlled most of the land.
5. Scientists reported the the southern prairies were well suited for farming.
Quarter Section
A section of land that has been divided into 4 quarter sections. Each quarter section was 64 hectares.
Why did the Wolfers and First Nations not get along?
Wolfers poison the dead buffalo and along with the wolves dying the First Nations dogs also ate the same buffalo meat.
Resources
The land itself is a natural resource. Things that are found in nature that you can use. The first nations made use of the water, plants and animals on the land.
4 reasons the NWMP were needed.
1. Show the US Canada had control of it's territory.
2. To shield the aboriginal people from American outlaws.
3. Help newcomers adjust to the frontiers.
4. Keep the peace between the first nations and newcomers.
What were 5 difficult working conditions of the railway.
1. Bitter cold.
2. Mosquitoes and flies.
3. Lived in dark smokey bunkhouses.
4. Slept in piles of hay infested with fleas and rats.
5. Poor meals. Salted pork, corn beef, molasses, beans and tea.
Whoop up Country
During the 1860's the Cypress hills became known as Whoop up Country. It got it's name because of the whiskey traders mainly from the United States.
What did the Mennonites bring with then to Canada that helped them farm.
They brought heavy plows.
Wolfers
The American people who poisoned the buffalo and the wolves ate the carcasses of the buffalo and died. The wolfers then collected the pelts.
What happened on June 1 1873, that showed how much the west needed the NWMP.
Cypress Hills Massacre. US wolfers thought the Nakoda people had stolen their horses but they had not. The Americans ambushed the Nakoda camp killing 36 men, women and children before they could escape.
According to John A Macdonald how did Chinese railway workers contribute to Canada.
He said "that without the Chinese there would be no railway".