Bacteria
This bacterium lacks a cell wall and has sterols in its membrane.
What is Mycoplasma pneumoniae?
This is the site where Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) remains dormant after primary infection, reactivating later in life under certain conditions.
What is B lymphocytes?
This capsulated yeast is the causative agent of cryptococcosis, commonly seen in immunocompromised patients, and can cause meningitis.
What is Cryptococcus neoformans?
This protozoan parasite, often acquired from cat feces, can lead to congenital defects in the fetus if contracted during pregnancy.
What is Toxoplasma gondii?
This gene, found in Staphylococcus aureus, encodes a modified penicillin-binding protein (PBP2a) that prevents beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillin, from binding effectively.
What is the mecA gene?
This lactose-fermenting, oxidase-negative, Gram-negative bacillus produces a pink color on MacConkey agar and is a major cause of nosocomial UTIs.
What is Klebsiella pneumoniae?
This is the only known single-stranded DNA virus that infects humans, often causing a mild exanthematous rash known as fifth disease.
What is Parvovirus B19?
This aspect of Candida species is considered its main virulence factor.
What is covalent binding to host cell integrins (via adhesins)?
Unlike other protozoan parasites, this species lacks an intracellular amastigote form and remains extracellular in the blood and tissues.
What is Trypanosoma brucei?
This antibiotic class is commonly used to treat infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, especially in hospital-acquired pneumonia and cystic fibrosis patients.
What are beta-lactams (such as piperacillin-tazobactam) or fluoroquinolones (such as ciprofloxacin)?
This oxidase-positive, Gram-negative, glucose-nonfermenting bacillus is a frequent cause of ventilator-associated pneumonia and produces a grape-like odor.
What is Pseudomonas aeruginosa?
After causing chickenpox, this herpesvirus remains dormant in this specific area of the nervous system, where it can later reactivate as shingles.
What is the dorsal root ganglia?
This fungal form, often seen in Candida species, is a transition between yeast and hyphal forms and plays a role in tissue invasion.
What is pseudohyphae?
This genus of protozoan parasites is classified into three major types based on clinical manifestation: cutaneous, mucocutaneous, and visceral.
What is Leishmania?
These two drugs, used in organ transplantation, have myelosuppression as one of their most significant side effects, leading to a decrease in red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
What are sirolimus and everolimus?
These three species of bacteria are known for being PYR positive, a test commonly used to differentiate them in clinical microbiology.
What are Streptococcus pyogenes, Enterococcus faecalis, and Enterococcus faecium?
This form of cancer, associated with EBV, is commonly found in parts of Asia and Africa and is linked to chronic infection in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells.
What is Nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
This dimorphic fungus forms spherules filled with endospores in infected tissue and is associated with valley fever.
What is Coccidioides species?
This parasite, responsible for African sleeping sickness (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense), is considered a candidate for eradication due to its lack of animal reservoirs and dependence on human hosts for transmission.
What is Trypanosoma brucei gambiense?
This monoclonal antibody targets the IL-6 receptor, blocking its activation and reducing inflammation in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis and cytokine release syndrome.
What is Tocilizumab?
This strain of Escherichia coli is most commonly associated with outbreaks of hemolytic uremic syndrome and severe gastrointestinal illness due to its production of Shiga toxin.
What is E. coli O157:H7?
This species of mosquito is the primary vector responsible for transmitting yellow fever virus.
What is Aedes aegypti?
A Type I hypersensitivity reaction is often seen in response to this fungus.
What is Aspergillus (allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis)?
The snails in Schistosoma infections release this that penetrate human skin to initiate infection.
What are cercariae?
This drug, used to treat autoinflammatory reactions such as rheumatoid arthritis, is administered via this route.
What is subcutaneous (SQ) injection (Anakinra)?