Motion & Newton's Laws
What is Newton's First Law of Motion?
An object in motion will remain in motion and an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force.
What is Energy?
The ability to do work.
Which state/phase of water is MOST dense?
Liquid.
What is the difference between a physical and a chemical property?
Physical properties can be observed with changing the identity of the substance. Chemical properties can only be observed during a chemical reaction.
What is the purpose of a switch in a circuit?
To break or close an electrical circuit.
What is Newton's Second Law of Motion?
The acceleration of an object depends on the objects mass and the force applied (F = m x a)
What is the law of conservation of energy?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed, it can only change forms.
What is a compound?
A molecule containing 2 or more elements.
When baking soda is added to vinegar, the temperature drops. This is an example of what type of reaction?
Endothermic.
What type of wave does not require a medium?
Electromagnetic waves.
What is Newton's Third Law of Motion?
For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Global winds are an example of what type of heat transfer?
Convection.
How do covalent bonds use their electrons?
They share pairs of eletrons.
What does the law of conservation of mass state?
The mass of the products will equal the mass of the reactants in a chemical reaction.
Where are magnetic effects the strongest?
What is the speed of a car that travels 100 km in 1.25 hours?
80 km/hr
What is thermal expansion? What is happening on a molecular level?
When substances are heated, their molecules move faster and spread apart, increasing their volume.
Why are the noble gases so stable?
They have a full shell of valence electrons and are non-reactive.
When a campfire is burning, what indicates that a chemical reaction is occurring?
Energy is released as heat, light, and sound.
Odor of the smoke.
Gas is produced.
What is the benefit of running a parallel circuit when running multiple appliances?
A circuit with more than one path for electricity to travel allows you to turn off some appliances while leaving others on, or for some to keep working if the circuit to others are broken.
What is the force required to cause a 12 kg object to accelerate at 3 m/s/s?
36 N
What is the Kinetic Energy of a 3 kg object moving at 3 m/s? KE = (1/2)mv2
13.5 J
Ionic bonds form between what two types of elements?
A metal and a non-metal.
Think of subatomic particles... why are some substances more reactive than others?
Because of the number of valence electrons in their outer shells.
What is the relationship between wavelength and the amount of energy a wave carries?
Shorter wavelength waves carry more energy than longer wavelength waves.