Sulfonylureas
This is the type of receptor that sulfonylureas bind to on beta cells.
This is the active ingredient in Jardiance.
What is empagliflozin?
These medications may be associated with nausea, vomiting, and delayed gastric emptying and have the potential to increase the risk of pulmonary aspiration during general anesthesia and deep sedation.
What are GLP-1 receptor agonists?
What is the GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist?
What is pioglitazone?
An intermediate acting insulin that should generally be dosed every 12 hours to ensure 24 hours coverage of basal insulin.
What is NPH?
This sulfonylurea comes in immediate release and extended release formulations.
What is glipizide?
This is the active ingredient in Farxiga.
What is dapagliflozin?
This is the blood pressure goal set forth by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) for individuals living with diabetes.
What is LESS than 130/80mmHg?
This is an H2RA that should be avoided in patients taking metformin as it can increase AUC of metformin by approximately 40%.
What is Tagamet (cimetidine)?
This is an ultra-long acting insulin with the longest action of basal coverage from 36-42 hours.
What is Tresiba?
Also acceptable: What is insulin degludec
This is a monogenetic form of diabetes that responds best to low-dose sulfonylureas.
What is HNF1-alpha MODY?
This is the active ingredient in Inpefa.
Sotagliflozin
This is a hypoglycemic event in which a patient experiences blood glucose less than 54mg/dL.
What is Level 2 hypoglycemia?
This is a type of laxative commonly recommended with GLP-1RA and GLP-1/GIP RA therapy when patients are experiencing constipation as a result of decreased food intake and slowed gastric emptying. An important counseling point so that it works appropriately and doesn't exacerbate constipation is to take this therapy with a lot of fluid, a minimum of 1 glass of water and even better with more than 1 glass (in those that are not on liquid restriction). In those with liquid restriction, this laxative would not be appropriate.
What are bulk forming laxatives?
A formulation of insulin aspart that is formulated with niacinamide and should be taken at the start of the meal or 20 minutes after to prevent hypoglycemia.
What is Fiasp?
This sulfonylurea is started at 1 or 2 mg PO once daily, initially. May increase dose by 1 or 2 mg/day every 1 to 2 weeks if needed and the max daily dose is 8mg.
What is glimepiride?
These are patient characteristics that increase risk for DKA when on SGLTi therapy. (Provide at least 3)
What are:
volume depletion
excess alcohol
low body weight
CKD < 60mg/dL
Recent illness
Higher A1c (>10%)
Concurrent insulin use or insulin discontinuation
This the specific site of the nephron in which SGLT2i exhibit their mechanism of action.
What is the proximal convoluted tubule?
This is a supplement that should be taken concurrently with metformin to prevent a form of anemia.
What is B12?
This was the first insulin glargine biosimilar to become approved. It has the designated letters -yfgn (insulin glargine-yfgn)
What is Semglee?
Compared to other sulfonylureas in this class (second gen class) this sulfonylurea exhibits less risk associated with hypoglycemia and is metabolized to metabolites that are weakly active- pharmacokinetic properties make it a less risky sulfonylurea for the geriatric adult and those with renal dysfunction. (Still risky! But less than the other 2)
What is glimepiride?
These are home monitoring tests that can be recommended to patients to monitor for DKA at home if there is concern they make experience it being on SGLTi therapy.
What are: Ketone urine tests?
These are 2 medications in the same class that provide many benefits for patients living with diabetes and other comorbidities. Importantly they are indicated for patients living with diabetes and heart failure and/or kidney disease. Additionally these 2 are indicated for heart failure with or without diabetes. Each one also has an indication for chronic kidney disease with or without diabetes, specifically for a reduction of eGFR.
What are empagliflozin and dapagliflozin?
Also accepted: Jardiance and Farxiga
This is the percent reduction that should take place in a patient that is on insulin and are initiating a GLP-1RA.
What is 10%?
The newest biosimilar to hit the US market for long acting insulin glargine, with the designated letters of -aglr (insulin glargine-aglr)
What is Rezvoglar?