Lymphatic Anatomy
Name the tonsils alphabetically and their location in alphabetical order
1. Lingual --> laryngopharynx
2. Palatine --> oropharynx
3. Pharyngeal --> nasopharynx
What is the primary lymphatic structure responsible for absorbing dietary fats from the small intestine?
lacteals
What is the definition of edema?
Excess fluid build up in peripheral tissues
What is the ratio of lymphatic drainage on the right and left side of the body?
1. Right lymphatic duct: 20%
2. Thoracic duct: 80%
What are the 3 functions of the lymphatic system?
1. Fluid Recovery
2. Fat Absorption
3. Immunity
What is the process called of the thymus changing from adolescence to adulthood?
Involution
What is the type of lymphatic tissue located in the ilium?
Peyers Patches
What are three types of mechanisms for fluid recovery back to the heart?
1. Muscle contactions
2. Valves
3. Respiratory movements
Where are three locations where lymph nodes are NOT prevalent?
1. Distal to elbow
2. Distal to knee
3. Scalp
What are the three types extracellular fluids in alphabetical order?
1. Blood
2. Interstitial Fluid
3. Lymph
What is the ratio of afferent to efferent vessels are in the lymph nodes?
more afferent to efferent
Where are lacteals located?
In fingerlike projections called vili
Approximately how much fluid does the lymphatic system return to the bloodstream daily in males?
6 Liters
What parts of the body drain into the thoracic duct?
1. Left upper body
2. Abdominal organs
3. Both sides of the lower body
What are the three types of fixed macrophages in alphabetical order?
1. Alveolar (dust) cells --> alveoli
2. Langerhans cells --> skin
3. Microglia --> CNS
Contrast 2 differences of veins and lymphatic vessels?
1. Lymphatic vessels are slightly larger than veins
2. Lymphatic vessels are closed ended
What is the purpose of lacteals?
To absorb dietary fats and transport them in the lymphatic system
What is the name of the force that drives interstitial fluid into lymphatic capillaries?
Rising hydrostatic pressure
At what point in the lymphatic pathway is interstitial fluid termed lymph? When is it termed blood?
1. Once it has entered the lymphatic capillary
2. Once it has entered the vena cava
Which side of the spleen is the hilum located?
On the concave inner side
What are the types of cells contained in the red and the white pulp in the spleen?
White pulp: many lymphocytes
Red Pulp: red blood cells, macrophages, lymphocytes
Why can't GI fats be directly absorbed into lymphatic capillaries?
Fats cannot be absorbed directly into the capillaries because of their large, nonpolar size
___ is the minimum systemic blood pressure needed to maintain an organ
60 mmHg
Trace the pathway of lymph from the right pollux to the heart
1. Pollux lymphatic capillaries
2. Manus vessel
3. Cubital lymph node
4. Brachial vessel
5. Axillary lymph nodes
6. Right lymphatic duct
7. Right subclavian vein
8. Right brachiocephalic vein
9. Superior vena Cava
A patient has a blockage in their thoracic duct. Which parts of the body would experience impaired lymph drainage?
1. entire lower body and thorax
2. left arm and neck
3. left subclavian vein