Introduction to Public Health
These are non-medical factors that affect health outcomes
What are social determinants of health?
This innovation helps protect against a variety of communicable diseases that historically led to mass deaths due to their high mortality rates
What are vaccines?
This is the nation's leading spokesperson on public health matters
Who is the Surgeon General
This is a factor that increases the likelihood of developing a chronic disease
What is a risk factor?
This is the most important predictor of health
Preventing injury or illness from occurring by preventing exposure to risk factors
What is primary prevention?
Known as the father of epidemiology, this physician studied cholera, and eventually identified a pump in London contributing to the epidemic
Who is John Snow?
This agency is responsible for federal public health activities
What is the Department of Health and Human Services
Tobacco/smoking and poor diet/lack of physical activity are these
What are the leading causes of preventable death?
These preventable differences in health outcomes that affect certain groups of people more than others
What are health disparities?
The diagnostic function, in which a public health agency collects, assembles, analyzes, and makes available information on the health of the population
What is the assessment function of public health?
He was interested in a safe way to prevent smallpox
Who is Edward Jenner?
This is the main assessment and epidemiological agency for the US
What is the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)?
This is the level of prevention often effective for managing chronic disease risk factors
What is secondary prevention?
This model describes five levels of influence that determine health-related behavior, which serve as potential targets for health interventions
What is the socioecological model?
This involves the use of scientific knowledge to develop a strategic approach to improving the community’s health.
What is the policy development function of public health?
This is the hypothesis that microbes could cause disease in the body, rather than the commonly believed "miasms"
What is the germ theory of disease?
This constitutional amendment places the burden of public health responsibility on the states
What is the 10th amendment?
This is the study launched in 1948 that sought to identify factors contributing to the development of cardiovascular disease
What is the Framingham Heart Study?
This form of public health intervention is intended to prevent people from harming others
What are regulations?
The responsibility of assuring that the services needed for the protection of public health in the community are available and accessible to everyone
What is the assurance function of public health?
This study is well known for its ethical violations that eventually led to changes in how studies obtain consent from their participants
U.S Public Health Service's (USPHS) Untreated Syphilis Study at Tuskegee
These grant states the power to establish and enforce laws protecting the general welfare, safety, and health of the public
What are police powers?
This is the leading cause of death in the US
This type of public health intervention informs the public about healthy and unhealthy behaviors
What is education?