Insulin
Which of the following is NOT a function of insulin?
a) Transporting glucose into cells
b) Stimulating the liver to store glucose as glycogen
c) Breaking down stored fat for energy
d) Preventing excessive glucose release from the liver
c) Breaking down stored fat for energy
Which of the following is NOT an effect of adrenaline?
a) Increased heart rate
b) Constriction of airways
c) Breakdown of glycogen to glucose
d) Dilation of pupils
b) Constriction of airways
Which of the following is NOT a function of somatotropin?
a) Stimulating cell growth and repair
b) Increasing protein synthesis
c) Regulating blood sugar levels like insulin
d) Promoting bone and muscle growth
c) Regulating blood sugar levels like insulin
What is the main function of gastrin?
a) To regulate insulin levels
b) To stimulate acid production in the stomach
c) To break down proteins in the intestines
d) To control the secretion of adrenaline
b) To stimulate acid production in the stomach
Which of the following situations would most likely trigger an increase in ADH secretion?
a) Drinking excessive amounts of water
b) Eating a salty meal without drinking water
c) Sitting in an air-conditioned room all day
d) Having a low blood pressure due to an injury
b) Eating a salty meal without drinking water
A patient experiences frequent urination, extreme thirst, and unexplained weight loss. Blood tests show high blood glucose levels. Which of the following is the MOST LIKELY reason?
a) The pancreas is producing too much insulin
b) The body is resistant to insulin or not producing enough
c) Insulin levels are too high, causing hypoglycemia
d) The kidney is filtering too much glucose from the blood
b) The body is resistant to insulin or not producing enough
Which situation would most likely trigger an adrenaline release?
a) Eating a meal high in carbohydrates
b) Taking a nap after a stressful day
c) A person suddenly seeing a snake while hiking
d) Watching a relaxing movie
c) A person suddenly seeing a snake while hiking
A child is diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency. What is the MOST likely consequence?
a) Increased muscle mass and stronger bones
b) Delayed growth and shorter stature
c) Rapid weight gain and excessive height
d) Increased adrenaline production
b) Delayed growth and shorter stature
Which of the following would cause an increase in gastrin production?
a) Eating a large meal
b) Drinking excessive amounts of water
c) Consuming an antacid medication
d) Sleeping
a) Eating a large meal
A patient is diagnosed with diabetes insipidus, a condition where ADH production is impaired. What symptom would you expect to see?
a) Increased urine output and dehydration
b) High blood sugar levels and weight gain
c) Increased thirst but decreased urine output
d) Faster digestion and increased hunger
a) Increased urine output and dehydration
Which of the following would most likely happen after consuming a high-carb meal?
a) Insulin levels decrease, and blood glucose levels rise
b) The pancreas releases insulin, which increases blood glucose levels
c) Insulin is secreted to allow glucose uptake into cells
d) The liver releases stored glucose to balance sugar levels
c) Insulin is secreted to allow glucose uptake into cells
A person is experiencing prolonged stress and constant adrenaline release. Which of the following is a possible long-term effect?
a) Increased insulin sensitivity
b) Decreased blood sugar levels
c) Higher risk of heart disease and anxiety disorders
d) Improved immune system function
c) Higher risk of heart disease and anxiety disorders
Why might athletes or bodybuilders misuse synthetic growth hormone?
a) To increase their red blood cell count
b) To enhance muscle growth and recovery
c) To slow down their metabolism
d) To decrease oxygen uptake in tissues
b) To enhance muscle growth and recovery
Why might a patient with excessive gastrin production develop ulcers?
a) Gastrin inhibits mucus production in the stomach
b) Gastrin decreases stomach acid levels
c) Gastrin causes excessive stomach acid secretion, damaging the stomach lining
d) Gastrin prevents proper digestion of food
c) Gastrin causes excessive stomach acid secretion, damaging the stomach lining
Why does alcohol consumption lead to increased urination?
a) It stimulates excessive ADH release
b) It blocks ADH production, reducing water reabsorption
c) It increases the body’s need for hydration
d) It causes the kidneys to stop filtering water
b) It blocks ADH production, reducing water reabsorption
A person with Type 1 diabetes forgets to take their insulin before a meal. What is the most immediate effect?
a) Blood sugar levels will drop rapidly
b) Blood sugar levels will rise significantly
c) The pancreas will compensate by producing more insulin
d) The body will store more glucose as glycogen
b) Blood sugar levels will rise significantly
Why does adrenaline cause the liver to break down glycogen into glucose?
a) To prepare the body for physical activity by increasing energy availability
b) To help regulate digestion and maintain homeostasis
c) To promote rest and recovery after stress
d) To reduce muscle activity and conserve energy
a) To prepare the body for physical activity by increasing energy availability
Excess growth hormone in adulthood can result in which condition?
a) Dwarfism
b) Gigantism
c) Acromegaly
d) Hyperthyroidism
c) Acromegaly
A patient has low gastrin levels. What effect might this have on digestion?
a) Increased stomach acid production
b) Difficulty breaking down proteins and absorbing nutrients
c) Faster digestion and increased hunger
d) Higher risk of adrenaline-related stress responses
b) Difficulty breaking down proteins and absorbing nutrients
A person is stranded in a desert with no access to water. How would their body regulate water balance using ADH?
a) ADH secretion would increase to reduce urine output and conserve water
b) ADH secretion would decrease, leading to increased urine production
c) ADH would signal the intestines to absorb more water from food
d) The body would stop producing ADH altogether to preserve energy
a) ADH secretion would increase to reduce urine output and conserve water