The Universe
The galaxy in which we live
Milky Way
A group of stars that form a pattern in the sky
Constellation
The unit of measure that is used to measure astronomical distances
Light year (ly) - the distance that light travels in a year (about 10 trillion km)
4 main types of galaxies
spiral, barred spiral, elliptical, irregular
Our sun will evolve into this when all of its Hydrogen is used up
Red giant
A collection of stars
Galaxy
the imaginary, rotating sphere on which lie all objects of the night sky
celestial sphere
The name of the graph that shows how the brightness, colour, and size of a star are related to its mass
Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram
This is the most abundant type of galaxy observed (making up approximately 20% of nearby galaxies)
elliptical
Red Giants turn into this next
planetary nebula
Place the terms in the correct order from smallest to largest: universe, planets, stars, galaxies
planets, stars, galaxies, universe
the path the sun and other sky objects appear to take across the celestial sphere
the ecliptic
The central band (which runs from top left to bottom right) of this diagram, in which the majority of stars find themselves in
the main sequence
Approximately how many stars are there in the Milky Way
400 billion
Red supergiants become this next
supernovae
A smaller group of stars within galaxies
star clusters
the "wandering" motion of planets, appearing to slow, stop, and reverse or loop across the sky
retrograde motion
These two geometry techniques are used to calculate how far a star's position is from Earth (hint: they measure small changes in a star's position against a fixed background of other stars)
Parallax + Triangulation
The next closest major galaxy to our Milky Way (and what type of galaxy it is)
Andromeda (spiral)
the most massive and hottest stars become these one of two things
neutron star or black hole
What is the age of the universe?
13.8 billion years
the angular height of a celestial object AND the distance from North to a celestrial object (both measured in degrees)
Altitude and Azimuth
The forms of EM radiation that the Hubble Space telescope can detect
Visible, Infrared, UV
The next closest start to our Sun
Proxima Centauri
This is the name of a (once medium sized) star that has cooled so much it no longer emits light
black dwarf