Mitosis/Meiosis
What is the primary purpose of mitosis?
to produce two identical daughter cells for growth and repair.
What is a main characteristic of asexual reproduction
It involves only one parent and produces genetically identical offspring
What is one advantage of sexual reproduction
Greater adaptability to changing environments due to genetic variation
What does a monohybrid cross involve
A cross between two organisms that differ in one trait either dominant or recessive
What does a pedigree chart represent?
A family tree that shows the inheritance of traits across generations.
How many daughter cells are produced in meiosis?
4
What is one advantage of sexual reproduction
It increases genetic diversity among offspring
List a disadvantage of sexual reproduction
It requires more time and energy to find a mate
In incomplete dominance, what is the phenotype of the heterozygous genotype
A blend of the two parental traits (RW=pink)
How can you identify a recessive trait on a pedigree?
If they pass it on to their offspring but they don't have it.
Name one similarity between mitosis and meiosis
Both processes involve the splitting of a cell's nucleus
Both make new cells
Both use Pmat
What is a disadvantage of asexual reproduction
Lack of genetic diversity
How does asexual reproduction benefit organisms in stable environments
t allows for rapid population growth since offspring are clones.
What is codominance
A situation where both alleles are expressed equally in the phenotype (RW= Red and white)
What symbol represents a male in a pedigree chart?
square
What is one key difference between the phases of mitosis and meiosis?
Meiosis includes two rounds of pmat (meiosis I and II), while mitosis has only one
Meiosis makes 4 incomplete cells. Mitosis makes 2 complete
Meiosis makes unique cells. Mitosis identical
Compare the energy and time expenditure of sexual and asexual reproduction
Sexual reproduction typically requires more time and energy due to finding mates and courtship behaviors, while asexual reproduction requires less energy
What is a key disadvantage of asexual reproduction regarding survival?
If the parent organism is susceptible to disease, all offspring may also be vulnerable
Complete the Punnett square for a monohybrid cross of a homozygous dominant (AA) and a homozygous recessive (aa) organism
All offspring will be heterozygous (Aa)
What does it mean if a trait skips generations in a pedigree?
Explain how genetic variation occurs in meiosis.
Crossing over
Independent assortment
What is the major advantage asexual reproduction
less time and energy
Discuss how genetic diversity impacts the survival of a species
Greater genetic diversity can improve a species' ability to adapt to environmental changes and resist diseases
How can you determine the probability of obtaining a homozygous recessive offspring from a cross?
By using a Punnett square and work backward
What do the alleles of a person in a pedigree look like if they are a carrier?
Heterozygous
One capital and one lower case