The Enlightenment part 1
Another term for the "Haskalah" is the?
"Jewish Enlightenment'
What did Social Darwinists consider the "purest" or "best" race?
Aryan
What is a "Shtetl?"
A primarily Jewish village located in the "Pale of Settlement"
What was the language spoken by the Jews of the Shtetl?
Yiddish
Did the Jews write "the Protocols of the Elders of Zion?"
no, they were written but a member of the Russian Imperial elite
Enlightenment thinkers rejected anti-Semitism because they believed that all men (regardless of race or religion) were born ? & ?
free & equal
What did Social Darwinism say about the Jews?
that they were an inferior race (the "Semites") and should be exterminated
What is an Ashkenazi Jew?
Jews whose origins can be traced back to Eastern Europe/the Pale of Settlement
Why did Russian imperial elites incite and encourage the Pogroms?
to scapegoat the Jews and take attention off of themselves
why were the Protocols written in 1903?
Who emancipated the Jews of France?
Napoleon I
Define "nationalism"
the "religion of the state" or the idea that distinct territories belong to certain groups of people who are culturally tied to the land they live on
Define "Pogrom"
from the Russian word "chaos," a pogrom was an anti-Jewish riot, primarily in the Pale of Settlement, incited by Russian Imperial elites in order to deflect criticism from their mistreatment of Jewish and Christian peasants
What one-word song title best encompasses the life of Jews in the Shtetl?
"Tradition"
About what percentage or how many Americans today still believe in the ideas first put forth in the Protocols?
46 million; about 15%
Define "Social Darwinism"
pseudoscience which applies Darwin's scientific theory of evolution to society; the strong (wealthy, upper class, white) deserve to succeed while the weak (poor, lower class, of color) deserve to fail/die
Were Jews included in European nationalist movements?
No, they were always considered "outsiders" to Europe, probably due to centuries of anti-Semitism
What was "The Pale of Settlement"
located in the Western part of the Russian Empire, it was where Jews of Eastern Europe were forced to live in villages as poor farmers
What metaphor did Jews in the Shtetl use to describe the instability of their lives?
there lives were as stable as a "Fiddler on the Roof"
The founding father of Zionism
Theodore Herzl
What did it mean that the Jews of France were "Emancipated?"
they were given the right to vote, attend university, join the military and work in any profession they chose
Who was Alfred Dreyfus?
Jewish-French military officer who was framed by French Catholics in the army for treason; his trial and eventual conviction in 1894 tore France apart and led to the rise of Zionism
what happened to all the Jews who used to live in the Pale of Settlement?
Hitler/Holocaust/Camps
Which countries today did the Pale of Settlement include? Get at least 3/6 right
Belarus
Ukraine
Moldova
Poland
Lithuania
Latvia
DAILY DOUBLE
what is the name of the ancient accusation, revived in the Protocols and in Q-anon, that Jews "drink the blood of Christian babies?"