Key Figures
This German monk started the Protestant Reformation
Who is Martin Luther?)
The Catholic Church sold these certificates to reduce time in purgatory.
What is purgatory
Martin Luther nailed this document to the church door in Wittenberg in 1517
What are the Ninety-Five Theses
The Catholic Church’s movement to reform itself in response to the Reformation was called this.
What is the Counter-Reformation
The Reformation led to the creation of these new religious groups
What are Protestant churches
This Swiss reformer established a strict Protestant theocracy in Geneva
Who is John Calvin
The invention of this machine helped spread Martin Luther’s ideas.
What is the printing press?
Luther translated the Bible into this language, allowing ordinary people to read it
The Vernacular
This council (1545-1563) reaffirmed Catholic beliefs and banned the sale of indulgences
What is the Council of Trent?
This treaty in 1555 allowed German princes to choose their own territory’s religion
What is the Peace of Augsburg
This English king broke away from the Catholic Church to form the Church of England.
Who is Henry VIII
This movement encouraged critical thinking and individualism, leading people to question the Church.
What is the Renaissance
this belief of Luther’s stated that salvation comes through faith alone, not good works
What is justification by faith alone
This religious order, founded by Ignatius of Loyola, focused on education and missionary work.
Who are the Jesuits
The Reformation weakened the Catholic Church and increased the power of these rulers
Who are monarchs?
This religious leader founded the Society of Jesus (Jesuits) as part of the Catholic Reformation
Who is Ignatius of Loyola
Corruption in the Catholic Church, including the sale of church offices, was known as this practice.
What is simony
This meeting in 1521 declared Luther an outlaw after he refused to recant his beliefs.
What is the Diet of Worms
his Catholic court system persecuted and punished heretics
What is the Inquisition
Religious conflict between Catholics and Protestants led to this devastating war from 1618 to 1648.
What is the Thirty Years’ War
This pope excommunicated Martin Luther in 1521
Who is Pope Leo X
This earlier English reformer, executed for heresy in 1415, influenced Protestant ideas
Who is Jan Hus
This German prince protected Luther and gave him refuge after his excommunication
(Who is Frederick the Wise
This list of banned books included Protestant writings and scientific works
What is the Index of Forbidden Books
To get an annulment
Why did Henry the 8th set up the Church of England