In "Buckley v. Valeo", and reiterated in "Citizens United v. FEC", the Supreme Court ruled that mandatory spending limits on campaigns violated candidates' rights under this amendment
What is the first amendment?
The type of states "inundated" with political ads during an election year.
What are "swing" or "battleground" states?
Purple states?
When the economy is bad, this officeholder usually takes the blame.
Who is the president?
This momentous Act of Congress, passed in 1935, radically changed the role of the national government and made it much more active in the lives of its citizens (especially the elderly, poor, disabled, unemployed)
The biggest share of the federal budget that is NOT mandatory spending by law, goes here
What is defense / military / armed forces?
He dominated cross country in high school, always finishing first (from sophomore year on (w/ teammate Dan Manning always about a minute back), then everyone else several minutes back... at least..
Literally, the XC champ...
(Dan Mannix = excepted ... came w/in 40 seconds)
Who is Champ?
During election years and due to time restraints and lack of interest, broadcast news media often report on these numbers rather than complex issues / stances on those issues.
What are poll numbers?
"Horse race journalism"
Each state's number of electoral votes are equal to the number of people representing that state in this body of lawmakers.
What is Congress?
Economies with both public and private ownership of the "means of production" (land, labor, capital ($)), are called _______ economies.
What are mixed?
Using "discount rates" (the amount of interest the gov't charges banks for currency) and the "reserve requirements" (the amount of money banks must keep on hand), this government agency has a huge impact on the interest rates banks charge with their loans.
What is the FED (Federal Reserve Board)?
The "Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act" is a huge federal health care program that is also known by this nickname
What is "Obamacare"?
He was a back-up catcher (as a freshman?) on the PHS state championship baseball team ... catchers do a lot of squatting and he is definitely known for squatting a lot of weight...
Who is Mr. Bordeau?
It's the term for a federal election that does NOT involve an election for president
What is a midterm election?
Following "defining the role of government", "agenda setting", "policy adaptation" and "policy implementation", it's the final step in policy making.
What is "policy evaluation"?
This type of policy refers to government action on taxation.
What is "fiscal policy"?
This type of government policy refers to the amount of currency in circulation
What is monetary policy?
Programs that are NOT required to be funded by law but are left up to Congress to fund or not, are called _____________ funding programs
What is "discretionary"?
Her father-in-law was a long-time PHS Math teacher who was incredibly strong and was known for throwing erasers at misbehaving students
Who is Ms. Armstrong?
{Range: Within 20 million}: The approximate number of American adults who are registered to vote.
What is 200 million?
{Range: within 5%}: It's the percentage of eligible voters who voted in the 2024 presidential election
What is 63.9%?
[The second highest in the last 100 years ... 2000 was the highest (66.8%) in the last century]
"Supply-side economists" favor tax cuts on the wealthy to stimulate greater production and job growth. This type of economics is often synonymous with this president (1980s)
Who is Ronald Reagan?
"Reaganomics"
This committee in the House of Representatives (and only in the House) deals with the taxation aspects of the federal budget
What is the Ways and Means Committee?
List 3 federal programs that are "mandatory" or "entitlement" programs and MUST, by law, be included in the federal budget each year.
What are: Social Security, Medicare, Medicaid, Veterans' pensions, and the interest on the national debt?
Name both teachers whose fathers were Social Studies teachers ... both were terrific athletes very involved in the most popular game on Earth
(One of their dads used to teach at my high school (MAI) and would play Jeopardy games back in the 1980s ... when no one did!)
Who are Mr. LaRose and Mr. Mulligan?
It's the term for the slow, deliberate approach to making government policy.
What is incrementalism?
Because there are so many centers of power in our type of government (national, state, local ... all with three branches and bureaucracies), there are many interest group lobbyists. "Princeton Review" compares them to these sea creatures.
What are jellyfish?
Many of the policies favored by Franklin Delano Roosevelt in his "New Deal" during the Great Depression, were influenced by the ideas of this economist with the first two names of John Maynard...
Who is "Keynes"?
(During recessions / depressions, the gov't should inject $ into the economy with huge projects like Hoover Dam; during "booming" times, the gov't should save money for the harder times)
The director of this agency (part of the EOP, or Executive Office of the President), is responsible for initiating the federal budget process by meeting with the president and submitting the president's proposed budget to Congress.
{OMB}
What is The Office of Management and Budget?
List one of the two Congressional committees who either decide which programs Congress will fund, OR how much funding those programs will get.
What are the "Authorization" and/or "Appropriations" committees?
He was a defensive lineman for Ausable Valley but never got the chance to sack me because I was always already out for the year by the time AVC played MAI
Who is Mr. Bowlen?