Scientific Foundations
Which type of psychologist studies how humans learn and retain knowledge?
Cognitive Psychologist
What part of the neuron receives incoming signals?
Dendrites
What’s the minimum stimulation needed to detect a stimulus 50% of the time?
Absolute Threshold
Learning to associate two stimuli is known as what type of learning?
Classical Conditioning
What memory holds information for a few seconds after it’s heard?
Echoic Memory
A baby turns its head toward a touch on the cheek. This is called?
Rooting Reflex
Focused on the conscious mind as the source of much behavior
Psychodynamic Psychology
The chemical messengers that cross synapses are called what?
Neurotransmitters
You fail to notice a gorilla in a video while counting basketball passes. What is this called?
Inattentional Blindness
Giving a gold star to encourage good behavior is an example of what?
Positive Reinforcement
You group digits into 3-4 clusters to remember a phone number. This is?
Chunking
What type of parenting is both demanding and responsive?
Authoritative
This early approach relied on introspection to explore the mind’s structure.
Wilhelm Wundt
Which brain structure regulates hunger and body temperature?
Hypothalamus
Which theory explains that different parts of the cochlea respond to different pitches?
Place Theory
Who is the behaviorist known for the “Little Albert” experiment?
John Watson
What kind of processing is driven by meaning and connections to prior knowledge?
Deep Processing
A child thinks the moon follows them wherever they go. This shows?
Egocentrism
A researcher manipulates one variable to observe the effect on another. What type of research is this?
Experimental
The two hemispheres of the brain are connected by which structure?
Corpus Callosum
What term describes the brain's ability to fill in gaps to perceive a complete image?
Closure
What is it called when a behavior stops because it’s no longer reinforced?
Extinction
The inability to recall info due to new learning is called what?
Retroactive Interference
Erikson’s stage for teenagers is called what?
Identity vs Role Confusion
What does it mean if a result is statistically significant?
It’s unlikely to have occurred by chance
Which neurotransmitter is involved in mood regulation and is linked to depression?
Serotonin
This illusion makes two equal lines appear different due to arrows at the ends.
Müller-Lyer Illusion
You give a treat after every 3rd correct response. What schedule is this?
Fixed Ratio
The idea that memory is better when tested than reread is the?
Testing Effect
What is the belief that your experiences are so unique no one could understand them?
Personal Fable
A psychologist observing behavior in a natural setting without interfering is using what method?
Naturalistic Observation
What is the function of the myelin sheath?
Speeds neural impulses
The brain interprets two slightly different images from each eye to perceive depth.
Retinal Disparity
What type of learning happens by watching others?
Observational Learning
What model includes sensory, short-term, and long-term memory?
Atkinson-Shiffrin Model
Freud believed this part of the personality operates on the reality principle
Ego
The idea that knowledge comes from experience and observation is called what?
Empiricism
A patient can speak but struggles with understanding language. What area is likely damaged?
Wernicke’s Area
When you smell food, it enhances your experience of taste. What principle is this?
Sensory Interaction
Sudden insight without trial-and-error exemplifies what type of learning?
Insight Learning
What’s it called when you “just can’t remember a word” even though it’s on the...
Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon
Piaget’s stage when kids understand object permanence is?
Sensorimotor Stage
What ethical principle requires participants to be informed about the study?
Informed Consent
The fight-or-flight response is activated by which system?
Sympathetic Nervous System
What’s the term for converting light or sound into neural impulses?
Transduction
What process involves reinforcing steps toward a desired behavior?
Shaping
Which effect describes the tendency to remember first and last items in a list?
Serial Position Effect
This term describes how stable traits remain throughout the lifespan.
Continuity