Fetch-decode-execute
What does CPU stand for?
Central Processing Unit
Where are computer programs stored before they are carried out by the CPU?
RAM
What is the full form of ALU?
Arithmetic Logic Unit
What does the ACC (Accumulator) store?
The results of processing carried out by the ALU
What is the main role of the CPU in a computer?
To run (or execute) a set of stored instructions known as a computer program.
What is the name of the process the CPU follows to carry out instructions
The fetch-decode-execute cycle
What is the main function of the ALU?
To carry out calculations needed during the execution of a program.
What does the Program Counter (PC) do?
It stores the address of the next instruction to be executed by the CPU
What does the CPU coordinate when executing a program?
It coordinates all the other parts of the computer.
What does the Control Unit do during the "fetch" step of the cycle?
It reads the memory address of the next instruction, fetches it from memory, stores it in a register, and then points to the next instruction.
What is the role of the Control Unit (CU) in the CPU?
It issues commands to other hardware components to help ensure programs are carried out correctly
What is the role of the Current Instruction Register (CIR)?
It stores the instruction that the CPU is currently executing.
What does a CPU use to carry out the instructions in a program?
It uses its three main components. CU-ALU-Registers
What are some actions the CPU might perform during the "execute" step?
It could fetch data from memory, load/add it into the register, write data to memory, ask the ALU to perform a calculation, change the address of data, or stop the program.
What do registers store during the execution of a program?
They store data about memory locations, instructions, and data used during execution.
What does the Memory Address Register (MAR) hold?
The address of the memory location being accessed (for reading or writing data).
Explain how the three main components of a CPU work together to execute a computer program
The three main components—Control Unit (CU), Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), and Registers—work together by fetching, decoding, and executing instructions. The CU directs the flow of data, the ALU performs calculations and logical operations, and the Registers store temporary data and instructions during execution.
Decode step short explanation
Understanding
Why are different types of registers needed in a CPU?
Because different registers handle specific tasks such as storing memory addresses, holding instructions, and temporarily storing data during processing, allowing the CPU to function efficiently.
Why is the Memory Data Register (MDR) important in memory operations?
Because all data or instructions that move into or out of main memory must pass through the MDR