How do I research that?
"When researchers examine the relationships among variables without manipulating them, they are conducting this type of research."
"What is correlational research?"
"Before beginning any research with human subjects, investigators must submit their study protocols for this process."
"What is IRB review?"
"Participants must be informed of their ability to what at any time during a study?"
"What is the right to withdraw?"
"This method involves selecting study participants based solely on their convenient availability rather than randomization."
"What is convenience sampling?"
"Rather than relying on numerical data and statistical tests, this research approach gathers in-depth subjective insights through methods like interviews, focus groups, and participant observation to understand meanings and social contexts. It is often considered to provide "rich" data."
"What is qualitative research?"
"This study type collects data at one time point to provide a snapshot of a phenomenon within a given population."
"What is a cross‑sectional study?"
"This guiding principle of IRB evaluations requires that participants are given clear, comprehensive information about the study’s risks and benefits."
"What is informed consent?"
"Children, pregnant women, prisoners, and those with cognitive impairments require additional protections in research and are considered what?"
"What is a vulnerable population?"
"Used often in studies involving hidden populations, this sampling method asks current participants to recruit future ones."
"This qualitative research method builds theory from the ground up by systematically collecting and analyzing data until patterns emerge."
"A design that gathers data from the same participants on multiple occasions to track change over time is called this."
"What is a longitudinal study?"
"Many institutions require researchers to complete this training, designed to educate researchers about ethical research practices and regulatory compliance, before engaging in any human subjects research."
"What is the CITI training course?"
"In 1971, Philip Zimbardo conducted this controversial study where participants adopted extreme roles to investigate the impact of situational forces."
"What is the Stanford Prison Experiment?"
"This is a sampling technique is an unbiased approach where every member of a population is given an equal chance of selection—often through methods such as number generators or lottery draws."
"What is random sampling?"
"In this analytic process, raw qualitative data is organized into categories and patterns, enabling researchers to identify recurring themes across interviews or observations."
"What is coding for themes?"
"This research approach manipulates independent variables, uses random assignment, and typically employs a control group to infer cause-and-effect relationships."
"What is experimental design?"
"This landmark document, published in 1979, outlines three ethical principles—respect for persons, beneficence, and justice—for research involving human subjects."
"What is the Belmont Report?"
"This process occurs at the end of a study, where researchers provide participants with a full explanation of any deception used and the study’s real purpose."
"To ensure that key subgroups within a population are proportionally represented, researchers may first divide the population into distinct strata (for example, by age or gender) before randomly selecting participants from each subgroup. Which sampling method does this describe?"
"What is stratified sampling?"
"Focusing on individuals’ lived experiences, this approach explores how people perceive and make sense of their world."
"What is phenomenology?"
"Combining quantitative surveys with qualitative interviews to deepen understanding in a single study typifies this research approach."
"This ethical mandate requires that personal data and participant identities are kept private and secured throughout a study."
"What is confidentiality?"
"This infamous study, lasting over 40 years, denied treatment to African American men and is now cited as a major ethical violation in research."
"What is the Tuskegee Syphilis Study?"
"When researchers intentionally recruit individuals who have specific characteristics relevant to the study, they are employing this purposeful method."
"What is purposive sampling?"
"In this immersive method, the researcher studies people and cultures in their natural setting to understand social interactions and behaviors."
"What is ethnography?"