Instrumentalized Migration
This is the definition of instrumentalized migration (IM)
The intentional exploitation of migrants by state or non-state actors to achieve a political or financial objective
This sparked the Finland-Russia border crisis
Finland denouncing the Russian invasion of Crimea in 2014
The year Russia targeted Finland through instrumentalized migration (IM)
2015
Where the majority of asylum-seekers to the EU were from in 2015
Syria (as a result of civil war), remainder from Afghanistan & Balkans
These are 2 ways of enacting instrumentalized migration (IM)
Causing/exacerbating border tensions, and exerting migratory pressures (e.g. heavily militarized zones, natural disasters)
The 3 countries that received most of the migrants during the border crisis with Belarus
Latvia, Lithuania, and Poland
The amount of known cases of IM there have been between 1951 and 2006 (+/- 5 cases)
64
The name of our presenter (+50 points for job title or area of focus)
Malwina Talik (+50 for research assistant at IDRCE or focus on migration, democratization, gender equality)
These are 2 reasons Belarus decided for IM and not an alternative
Plan "Lock" of Russian FSB & Belarusian KGB, low-cost or even profitable, Belarus threatened EU with migrants in '02 and '04, and not many other options remaining
The Poland-Belarus border crisis resulted in these 2 outcomes in Poland
Divided society, strong anti-migratory sentiment in Poland post-2015
The number of countries Belarus lifted visa restrictions on
70
Name 2 humanitarian concerns of instrumentalized migration (IM)
Exclusion zones, pushbacks as a breach of int'l law, suspension of asylum applications, fatalities
These are 3 (out of the 4 discussed) responses to IM (+20 points if you name author)
Prevention & early warnings, deterrence & restrictions, accepting refugees & other migrants, invasion of a hostile actor (+20 Greenhill)
These are 2 reasons sanctions were levied against Belarus in 2020 and 2021
Fraudulent elections & ensuing violence against protestors, the hijacking of a Ryanair flight to arrest political dissidents
Up until March 2024, the total number of fatalities resulting from instrumentalized migration in Belarus (+/- 10)
116
These 3 countries were more selective in their migration policy following asylum applications to the EU in 2015
Poland, Czechia, and Slovakia