Asexual /Sexual Reproduction
What type of reproduction creates identical offspring?
Asexual Reproduction
What shape is a DNA molecule?
Double Helix
What tool predicts the probability of traits in offspring?
Punnett Square
Making an exact genetic copy of an organism is called what?
Cloning
Which biotech process could be used by breeders to develop tomatoes with a longer shelf life and to develop cows with increased milk production?
a. cloning
b. natural selection
c. genetic engineering
Genetic Engineering
What is the cell division process used in asexual reproduction?
Mitosis
Name the 4 letters for the nitrogen bases found in DNA. Which ones pair together?
A&T, C&G
In a pedigree, what shape usually represents a female?
What is the process of changing an organism’s DNA called?
Genetic Engineering
In sexual reproduction, what fraction of genes does each parent contribute to the offspring?
a. ¼
b. 1/3
c. ½
d. ¾
c. 1/2
What type of reproduction mixes genetic material from two parents?
Sexual Reproduction
Name the 4 nitrogen bases found in DNA.
Gene
What percentage chance is there to have a recessive trait if two heterozygous parents cross?
25%
What do we call breeding organisms for specific traits?
DNA contains genes that provide instructions for inherited traits. What is the relationship between genes and chromosomes?
a) Genes are segments of DNA that are located on the chromosomes of each cell
b) Genes are made up of thousands of chromosomes
c) Genes correspond to the phenotype, while chromosomes correspond to the genotype
d) Chromosomes correspond to the phenotype, while genes correspond to the genotype
a) Genes are segments of DNA that are located on the chromosomes of each cell
In sexual reproduction, what type of cells combine during fertilization?
Egg and Sperm (gametes)
What structures in the nucleus contain your DNA?
Chromosomes
In a pedigree, a shaded shape usually means what?
The individual has the trait
Name one example of selective breeding in animals.
Favorable dog breeds, Dairy cows, Large Chickens, etc
Is this genotype (bb) heterozygous or homozygous? Is it dominant or recessive?
homozygous recessive
What type of cell division makes sperm and egg cells?
Meiosis
If you have two identical alleles for a trait, what is it called?
Homozygous
If one parent is BB and the other is bb, what is the genotype of all the children?
Bb
Give an example of a GMO (genetically modified organism).
What are the 4 possible genotypes of the offspring if the parents genotypes are (bb) and (Bb) ?
Bb, Bb, bb, bb