Gravity
What is gravity?
What shape do planet orbits take?
an ellipse
In North America, what season is it in most of december
fall!
True or false- Astronauts experience zero gravity when in orbit
False- they are falling around the earth at the same rate the earth curves
What is the force of gravity (m/s2)
9.8
Name every ever variable in the gravity equation
M- Mass
d or r- distance
G- Gravitational constant
Fg- Force of Gravity
What is the relationship between a planet' orbital distance and orbital time?
Linear- direct
Linear- Inverse
Exponential- Growth
Exponential- Decay
Or small exponential growth
Winter
What is the relationship between orbital distance and orbital speed if the time does not change?
Linear- direct
Linear- Inverse
Exponential- Growth
Exponential- Decay
Positive linear
What is one way the moon's gravity affects earth?
Tides
Stabilize axial tilt
Takes the asteroids for us
What does a distance and gravitational force graph look like?
Linear- direct
Linear- Inverse
Exponential- Growth
Exponential- Decay
Exponential decay
As the eccentricity of an ellipse approaches 1, how does the ellipse change?
it flattens out and begins to look like a parabola
What makes it summer and winter in the different hemispheres?
When the pole is pointing toward the sun is summer, when the pole is pointing away from the sun it's winter
When is a planet orbiting the star the fastest and why (which of kepler's laws)?
Perihelion, kepler's 2nd law states that planets sweep out equal areas in equal times. The two sides of the triangle that connect the edge are smallest a perihelion, so the "base" must be longer. If a planet covers more distance in less time, it's velocity is quicker
Why does the earth have 23.5 degree tilt
Collision that created our moon
What would happen to the gravitational force between two objects if the mass of one object doubled?
The force would double
What is the relationship between orbital speed and a sun's mass?
Linear- direct
Linear- Inverse
Exponential- Growth
Exponential- Decay
Exponential decay
Why is summer hot and winter cold
direct light (summer) with the sun at a high angle in the sky. indirect light (winter) the sun is at a lower angle
If a satellite wanted to go from a low earth orbit (LEO) to a high earth orbit (HEO) , what would need to happen
The satellite would need toincrease it's velocity
What is one affects of zero gravity on the human body
Muscle atrophy
Bone Density
Reduced blood volume
Heart muscle weakness
Weakened immune response
Higher chance of infections
If the distance between two objects doubles, how will that affect the gravitational force?
Decrease- 2x force less
Decrease-1/4 the force
increase - 2x the force
increase- 4x the force
1/4 the force
Why would a planet with a highly elliptical orbit almost never be found at the average distance?
the average distance is misleading. In a highly elliptical orbit, a planet is either very far above or below the average semi-major axis
What month is earth at perihelion, what month is earth at aphelion?
July- Aphelion
December- Perihelion
If a satellite experiences a solar storm that creates drag and reduces the satellites speed, what is going to happen to the satellite?
The satellite will no longer bein orbit and fall to earth
Why did America have a huge physical advantage in the space race?
Things to consider-
How to change orbit distance
Speed at equator vs the poles
Locations of United states
Having Florida (closer to the equator) meant that anything launched from there had a higher orbital speed.