Text Structure
Cause/Effect
Reason why (cause) something happened (effect).
What are signal words for Cause/Effect text structure?
- As a result, because, due to, reason why, therefore, since, this led to.
Fiction
FAKE.
Story that is not true. (talking animals, magic)
Theme
Valuable life lesson, message, or moral of the story the author wants us to learn.
Characters
People or animals in the story.
Problem/Solution
Tells a problem and how it is solved.
What are signal words for problem/solution text structure?
-Conflict, dilemma, problem, solution, challenge, difficulty.
Nonfiction
NOT FAKE.
Textbooks, newspaper, advertisements.
Central Idea.
What the passage is mainly about. (MAIN IDEA)
First person POV.
The narrator is a character in the story.
(I, me, my)
Compare/Contrast
Listing similarities and differences between topics.
What are signal words for compare/contrast text structure?
-Like, unlike.
-Different, similar, same as, similar to.
What type of figurative language is this?
"I've told you a million times!"
Hyperbole
Summary
All relevant details from the story ADDED together to make a shorter version of the story.
Third person POV.
The narrator is not a character in the story. They are an outsider looking in.
(They, he, she, them)
Description/Descriptive
Provides details about a topic.
What are signal words for descriptive text structure?
- For example, such as, for instance, in addition, furthermore.
What type of figurative language is this?
"That was a piece of cake!"
Idiom
Plot
Order of events in the story.
Setting
When and where the story takes place.
Chronological order/Sequence
Order of events/time order.
What are signal words for chronological order text structure?
- Before, after, finally.
- Dates and times.
What type of figurative language is this?
"Peter picked a peck of pickled peppers."
Alliteration
Perspective
How that character feels, acts, their point of view.
Inference
Taking what you already know + what you've read and making an educated guess about characters, events, etc.