gen term.
1) substance that dissolves a solute to form a solution 2) mixture of two immiscible liquids where one is dispersed in the other
What is 1) solvent and 2) emulsion?
1)Systems providing essential services like steam, air, water, and electricity to process units 2) diagram showing utility services (steam, water, air) and their distribution to process equipment
What are 1) utility systems And 2) UFD (utility flow diagram)?
Supporting systems not directly involved in primary production but essential for operation
What is auxiliary system
1) electrical device that changes voltage levels in power distribution 2) safety device that opens to release excess pressure from vessels or pipelines
What are 1) transformers 2) pressure relief valves?
1) heat exchanger that condenses vapor into liquid by removing heat 2) mechanical device that increases gas pressure by reducing volume
What are 1) condenser and 2) compressor?
1) process where one substance permeates into the bulk of another 2) fraction of reactants transformed into products in a chemical reaction
What is 1) absorb and 2) conversion?
Equipment for mixing multiple streams to achieve desired product composition
What is blending system?
Interconnected equipment and pipelines used to convert raw materials into finished products
What is process systems?
1) temperature at which a vapor begins to condense into liquid at constant pressure 2) pressure surge caused by rapid condensation of steam or sudden valve closure in a steam system
What are 1) dewpoint and 3) steam hammer?
1) water supplied through a dedicated system for firefighting purposes 2) water treated to meet standards for human consumption
What is 1) fire water and 2) potable water?
1) pressure difference between two points in a system 2) loss of pressure due to friction or resistance as fluid flows through equipment or piping
What is 1) differential pressure and 2) pressure drop?
System used to reduce pressure in fluid stream between high and low pressure sections
what is the letdown station?
Equipment where chemical reactions occur, typically involving reactors and feed/control systems
What is reaction systems?
1) device that reduces fluid pressure, causing cooling due to gas expansion 2) pipe loop or offset that absorbs thermal expansion and prevents stress in piping systems
What are the 1) expansion valve (joules Thompson effect) and 2) thermal expansion loop?
1) portable air supply unit for personnel entering hazardous atmospheres 2) vessel used to remove liquid from a vapor stream
What are 1) SCBA (self-contained breathing apparatus) 2) knockout pot?
1) substance consumed during a chemical reaction 2) amount of desired product obtained relevance to reactants used
What is 1) reactant and 2) yield?
Diagram showing major process steps as blocks with flow lines indicating the path of materials
What is the block flow diagrams (bfd)
Equipment used to separate components based on physical or chemical properties
What is separation systems?
1) amount of heat required to raise one pound of water by one degree Fahrenheit 2) study and use of materials at extremely low temperatures (below -150C)
What is 1) BTU (British thermal unit) and 2) cryogenics?
1) high temperature units that break large hydrocarbons into smaller molecules 2) heat rejection device that cools water by evaporative contact with air
What is the 1) cracking furnaces 2) cooling tower?
1) device used to remove large solids from fluid streams to protect downstream equipment 2) device or media used to separate fine solids from fluids 3) mechanical separation of solids from fluids using a porous medium
What are 1) strainer, 2) filter, and 3) filtering?
1) Diagram showing piping, equipment, instrument, and control loops.
2) diagram showing major equipment and flow paths of materials energy in a process.
What are 1) P&ID (piping and instrumentation diagram) and 2) PFD (process flow diagram)?
Interrelated components functioning together to preform a specific process operation
What is a system?
1) reactions that releases heat to its surroundings 2) reaction that absorbs heat from its surroundings 3) chaotic fluid flows through equipment enhancing mixing and heat/mass transfer
What is 1) exothermic 2) endothermic 3) turbulence?
1) introduction of inert gas to a vessel’s vapor space to prevent oxidation, contamination, or explosion 2) non-reactive gas used for purging, blanketing, or preventing combustion
What is 1) blanketing and 2) inert gas?