Etymology
Coming from the Greek dull ("Moros") and sharp, this word is an example of its modern meaning.
Oxymoron
Considered a foundational work of western literature, this novel's main character is addressed as an ingenious gentleman in the full title of the work. This character lives in La Mancha, Spain, with his niece and a housekeeper at the beginning of the first book. This character convinces a neighbor to go adventure with him, leading to Sancho Panza giving commentary throughout the work. At the end of the first book, he gets into a fight with pilgrims and is returned home. Name this character written by Miguel de Cervantes in 1605 and 1615.
Don Quixote
This religion's proper name for God is without written vowels, leading to ambiguity in pronunciation, potentially matching a modern search engine. In an early story from this Religion, a man named Noah, who likely would have called this later Religion's God by the plural word "Elohim".
Judaism
This philosophy holds that all objects inside the universe are physical. That is, that they can be reduced to the material. This point asserts that nothing exists outside of the physical, and that consciousness is simply a result of physical processes.
Materialism
This ideology seeks to rectify gender-based inequalities. It advocates for challenging patriarchal structures and highlight the interplay of social categories. A foundational document of this political view is the Declaration of Sentiments.
Feminism
This common breakfast food's name originates from the Roman Goddess of Agriculture, known in Greek as Demeter. This Roman Goddess has a dwarf planet named after her; this breakfast food is typically made of processed wheat.
Cereal
Similar to Sun Tsu's The Art of War, this book discusses military strategy. Unlike The Art of War, this book was written in 16th-century Europe and was intended to give up-and-coming rulers a guide on how to rule effectively. This book extensively covers different strategies, examples of strategies, and reasons for using strategies. For 200 points, name this book by Machiavelli where the intended audience is the title.
The Prince
This denomination of protestant Christianity comes from the reformed Calvinist movement, and has councils of elders serve a church, rather than a single pastor. These congregations (run by elders) are in regions run by other groups of elders. This denomination is split politically, with churches inside including the conservative PCA and the progressive PCUSA. The name of this denomination comes from the Greek word for Elder, πρεσβύτερος.
Presbyterian
This ethical theory asserts that right and wrong can be objectively assessed based upon that which provides the most good for the most people. A founder of this philosophy was Jeremy Bentham.
Utilitarianism
This ideology asserts that the government should do as little as is necessary to keep the country running, often advocating for removal of any regulation of businesses and commerce.
Libertarianism
This word comes from the old english "eke", meaning also. Paired with name, meaning also-name, this word with an indefinite article in front of it has turned into a common secondary name for a friend.
A Nickname
In this book, the title character descends from a mountain, sees a saint praising God, and contemplates the decline in looking to religion as a source of moral infallibility. This title character gathers a group of disciples, but leaves when he observes them treating him like a god. After retiring to a cave, this man looks in a mirror and sees the face of the devil, causing him to seek his lost disciples. While returning, he sees a shepherd choke on a serpent, then turn into a "radiant being". This book by Nietzsche, banned in the USSR until 1988, discussing eternal recurrence and Nihilism, with the verb in the title sometimes translated as "spake", starts with the protagonist stating that "God is dead".
Thus Spoke Zarathustra
Entrances to this religion's shrines are usually marked by these red/orange gates. This religion venerates spirits called Kami in both public shrines called Jinja, and family shrines called kamidana. These Kami are believed to inhabit everything (living, dead, organic, inorganic). This polytheistic and animistic religion dating to about 300 BC is Japan's most common religion, second being Buddhism. Some scholars consider this religion to be more of a culture than a religion, which has lead to much debate as to how to categorize this belief system.
Shinto
This perspective holds that the universe is inherently meaningless, leading to an encouragement to entirely disregard the search for meaning in life, and insists that joy can be found in this meaningless state. A precursor to this view was Kant, who inspired Camus in works like "The Myth of Sisyphus" and "The Stranger", in the latter of which a man kills another with the excuse of the sun in his eyes.
Absurdism
This political theory is based upon the belief that ones own kin should be residing atop the others. This idea advocates for the forced subjugation or removal of those not of ones race for the purpose of purifying the nation in a palingenetic way.
Fascism
Stemming from the latin word "panis" meaning bread, this word sprout meaning "someone to eat bread with". Combined with the latin word for "to come together", "com", this word refers to a friend.
Companion
In this late 19th century work, the author names the father of three sons and pathological liar after himself. In the first book of this work, the author delves into Eastern Orthodox Mysticism. In the fifth section, the middle son creates a poem describing a fictional encounter between a returned Jesus and the Grand Inquisitor. The last section of this work of Dostoevsky is a satirized courtroom drama on the murder of the character he named "Fyodor Karamazov".
The Brothers Karamazov
This Indian religion, founded about 1500 AD (CE), is a monotheistic and pantheistic religion that follows a single agender God, Waheguru. The main virtues of this religion are service to others and truthful living. This religion emphasizes the idea of equality before God. In this Punjab religion, not cutting ones hair (kesh) is considered a way to express devotion and connection to God.
Sikh
This philosophy holds that there cannot be any objective right and wrong, and that all actions can only be seen as good and bad as compared to others. This belief stems from an evolutionary perspective of morality, that it evolved simply to promote successful reproduction.
Moral Relitivism
This theory is generally seen as for the good of the people, with the ultra-wealthy being forced by the government to give back to the common man. This thought traces back as far as the French Revolution, with emphasis on equity for all and popular sovereignty. This economic system is currently being partially used alongside capitalism in Nordic countries, characterized by universal healthcare, workers rights (unions), and upper tax brackets as high as 60%.
Socialism
Coming from the Latin "Eborācum", possibly meaning a yew-tree estate, this modern name of a city was then turnt into "Eoforwīċ" in olde english, into "Jórvík" in olde norse, finally into the aforementioned word which has not changed since middle english, referring to a shire.
York
Also known as "The Evening Redness of the West", Cormac McCarthy's opus starts with a runaway named only as "the kid" meeting a scalp hunting mephistophelian "judge" Holden. This pair joins the Glanton gang and cuts the scalps off natives heads, causes destruction, and plunders a ferry. "the kid" runs away from the group while the majority of them die. After having lived nomadically for many decades, now "the man" runs into Judge Holden at a saloon, where it is suspected the anti-hero protagonist is strangled or shot in an outhouse.
The Blood Meridian
This religion is Abraheimic in origin, believing all prevoius Abraheimic prophets to be true, while regarding their expression of their God, whose name is identical to this religion's name, to be faulty and incomplete. This religion currently has about 10 million followers, starting with the "Bab", who was executed for Islamic Heresy in 1850. This religion is progressive, changing over time with revelations coming from "manifestations of [God]" in different ages of humanity.
Baha'i
Coming from the Greek "Dog", this school of thought popularized by Diogenes of Sinope believed that man would be made better if man was more like animals, without institutions in place, and lived honestly. This worldview held that material possessions led to material wants, leading to cycles of wanting more.
Cynicism
This theory rejects hierarchical authority and envisions a society based upon voluntary cooperation, free from a centralized government's control. Advocates of this view typically want a stateless, classless, and decentralized society.
Anarchism