Require Docs
The first governing document of the U.S. gave states more power to states than the federal government.
What is the Articles of Confederation.
The clause used by SCOTUS in Brown v. Board to end segregation in public schools.
What is 14th Amendment Equal Protection Clause?
The first three articles of the Constitution describe the powers and responsibilities of these branches, respectively.
1st-Legislative Branch
2nd-Executive Branch
3rd-Judicial Branch
Abolished slavery.
13th Amendment.
This is where all revenue bills must originate.
What is the House?
This document focuses on justice “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. ...”“Freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed”
What is the Letter from a Birmingham Jail.
This case expanded First Amendment freedom of speech protections to interest groups such as unions and corporations.
Citizens United vs. FEC
This is the type of government that is guaranteed under the Constitution.
Republican.
This amendment and two clauses ensure that the government must follow and apply the laws correctly and fairly.
14th Amendment Due Process and Equal Protection clauses.
These two different approaches are used by judges when making decisions and are related to their ideology.
This document argued that factions are inevitable and the best remedy for the problem is to create a large Republic.
What is Federalist #10.
These two court cases pertain to religious freedom and relate to these clauses in the First Amendment repectively.
Engle vs. Vital-Establishment Clause
Wisconsin v. Yoder-Free Exercise Clause
These two democratic principles are the foundation for ensuring that no person or group becomes too powerful.
Separation of Powers and Checks and Balances.
These are the reasons the government CAN limit freedom of speech (4).
1. Time, place, and manner regulations 2. Limitations on some obscene and offensive communication. 3. Protections against defamation libel, and slander 4. clear and present danger
This is one of the primary ways the President uses their bully pulpit and proposes their legislative agenda.
What is the State of the Union?
This document argued that the judiciary is the least dangerous branch as it has neither the power of the purse nor the sword.
What is Federalist #78.
This resulted in the selective incorporation of the 2nd Amendment to states using the 14th Amendments Due Process clause.
What is McDonald vs. Chicago.
The detailed process for amending the constitution.
Article V: either a two-thirds vote in both houses or a proposal from two-thirds of the state legislatures, with final ratification determined by three-fourths of the states.
Cruel and Unusual Punishment.
What is the 8th Amendment?
Review, monitoring, the power of the purse, and supervision of bureaucratic agencies as well as investigation and committee hearings of bureaucratic activity, are all considered part of this Congressional power.
What is Congressional Oversight?
An energetic executive is the best to lead the government as it ensures action and accountability.
What is Federalist #70.
In Gideon v. Wainwright this Amendment was selectively incorporated using the 14th due process clause and helps to ensure protections for those accused of a crime.
What is the 6th Amendment.
The number and topic of each of the articles in the Constitution.
What is 7 LEJSASR.
Debates about these two amendments involve concerns about public safety and whether or not the government regulation of firearms or collection of digital metadata promotes or interferes with public safety and individual rights.
What are the 2nd and 4th Amendments?
Through their rulemaking authority, federal bureaucratic agencies utilize their discretion to create and enforce regulations. Three of the seven agencies are specifically mentioned in the course exam description.
1-Department of Homeland Security 2-Department of Transportation 3-Department of Veterans Affairs 4- Department of Education 5-Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 6-Federal Elections Commission (FEC) 7-Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
This document argued against ratification of the Constitution due to fears of giving up too much power to a central government.
Brutus I
This case concerned the taxation of the central bank and resulted in SCOTUS affirming national supremacy and the use of the elastic clause.
What is McCulloch vs. Maryland?
The Constitution was inspired by these four democratic ideals.
1-Natural rights (all people have certain rights that cannot be taken away) 2-A social contract (an implicit agreement among the people in a society to give up some freedoms to maintain social order) 3-Popular sovereignty (all government power comes from the consent of its people) 4-Limited government (a government’s power cannot be absolute)
Thanks to this amendment, we can now directly elect our Senators.
What is the 17th Amendment?
These are three of the most important enumerated powers of Congress.
Passing a federal budget, raising revenue by laying and collecting taxes, borrowing money, and coining money
Declaring war and providing the funds necessary to maintain the armed forces.
Determining the process for naturalization by which people can become citizens of the U.S.
Regulating interstate commerce
Creating federal courts and their jurisdictions
Enacting legislation under the authority of the necessary and proper clause
Conducting oversight of the executive branch, including federal agencies in the bureaucracy