Biology and Bases of Behavior
Identify and describe the functions of the two parts of the autonomic nervous system.
Sympathetic - fight or flight response
Parasympathetic - calms body down to conserve energy
The process for remembering things is: encoding → retrieval → storage (True or False)
False
Which parenting style allows children to do whatever they want?
Permissive
An inferiority complex
Which type of therapy utilizes counterconditioning to remove a response or behavior?
Behavioral therapy
What are the Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area responsible for?
Broca’s - responsible for speech production (talking)
Wernicke's - responsible for comprehension of language (understanding speech)
This lobe is commonly associated with memory.
Temporal Lobe
When does the concrete operational stage occur?
7-11 years
What is the norm of reciprocity?
When individuals feel obligated to do the same thing that someone else did to them.
Which category of psychological disorders do phobias, PTSD, and OCD fall under?
Anxiety disorders
What is the deepest sleep stage at which the most vivid dreams occur?
Rapid Eye Movement (REM) Sleep
What are Charles Spearman’s g and s factors of intelligence?
G factor - general intelligence
S factor - intelligence in specific skills
What is Vygotsky's definition of "scaffolding" in regards to development?
Scaffolding guides the learner to the end goal by providing a method to achieving it.
In Freud’s theory, how does the ego maintain a balance between the superego and the id?
It balances the biological impulses from the id and the social restraints from the superego, compromising to make good decisions.
What are SSRIs? What are they used to treat?
SSRIs or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors prevent the reuptake of serotonin. They are commonly used to treat depression.
What is the name of the theory that states that the spinal cord contains neurological “gates” that either block pain or allow it to be sensed?
Gate Control Theory
This part of the brain converts short term memories to long term memory during sleep.
Hippocampus
What is it called when a reward is provided at different amounts of work? Different amounts of time?
Variable ratio schedule, variable interval schedule
What is the name of the law which states that a person seeks "optimal arousal" for their task?
Yerkes-Dodson Law
Which disorder is Lithium Carbonate commonly used to treat? How does it work?
It is used to treat bipolar disorder, specifically by helping stabilize manic episodes.
How do the axon, the axon terminal, dendrites, and myelin sheath contribute to the process of a neuron receiving and sending an electric signal?
Dendrites receive signal, axon transmits the signal away from the cell body, the axon terminal transmits the signal to other cells via neurotransmitters, and the myelin sheath insulates the axon and increases the travel speed of the signal.
Identify the 7 categories in which Louis Thurstone categorizes intelligence.
verbal comprehension, word fluency, number facility, spatial visualization, associative memory, perceptual speed, and reasoning
Classical conditioning
Identify the 6 coping strategies in Freud's theory.
Repression, Regression, Reaction Formation, Projection, Rationalization, and Displacement
Which therapy aims to help an individual reach their ideal self?
Humanistic therapy