Migration Basics
What was the Great Migration
The relocation of more than 6 million Black Americans from the rural South to the North, Midwest, and West.
What were the laws called that enforced segregation in the South?
Jim Crow Laws
Name a city where the Black population grew rapidly during the Great Migration.
Chicago, Detroit, New York City, or Philadelphia.
What violent hate group resurged after 1915?
Ku Klux Klan.(KKK)
What neighborhood became the center of Black culture?
Harlem
When did the Great Migration begin?
Around 1916
What insect harmed crops in the South in the 1890s and early 1900s?
Boll weevil
What kinds of jobs did many migrants find in the North?
Factories, foundries, slaughterhouses.
What year did the Chicago Race Riot happen?
1919
What cultural movement emerged partly because of the Great Migration?
How long did the Great Migration last?
From about 1916-1970
What did Black newspapers like the Chicago Defender do to encourage migration?
Published ads and success stories about Northern cities
What legal ruling in 1917 affected housing segregation?
Supreme Court ruled racially based housing ordinances unconstitutional.
How many people died during the Chicago Race Riot?
38
What book by Isabel Wilkerson tells the story of the Great Migration?
The Warmth of Other Suns
How many Black Americans moved during the Great Migration?
More than 6 million
Why did Black Americans find Northern jobs attractive?
Wages were about three times higher than Southern farm work.
What was a common transportation method for migrants?
Train, bus, boat, or car.
What happened to 1,000 Black families during the Chicago Race Riot?
They lost their homes.
What did the Great Migration lead to politically for Black Americans?
Greater political activism and participation
What event caused a labor shortage that helped spark the Great Migration?
World War 1
What system kept Black Southerners tied to farming after slavery?
Sharecropping system
Why was life still difficult in Northern cities despite no legal segregation?
Racism, competition for jobs and housing, rising rents.
What was the summer of 1919 known for?
Widespread interracial strife and race riots.
By 1970, what percent of Black Americans still lived in the South?
About 50 percent