Chem. of Life & Energetics
A highly branched polysaccharide that stores energy found in animals
What is Glycogen?
Diffusion of molecules across a membrane down their concentration gradient
Phase of the cell cycle where sister chromatids are separated and pulled to either side of the cell
What is Anaphase?
Law that states that homologous chromosomes align randomly during Metaphase I
What is Law of Independent Assignment?
A type of evolution in which two different species evolve similar traits due to same selective pressures
What is Convergent Evolution?
Elements that make up proteins
Specific type of protein that uses active transport to move sodium and potassium ions in and out of the cell
What is the Na+/K+ Pump?
These are the three steps of signal transduction
What are Reception, Transduction, and Response?
A type of dominance where both genes are expressed separately
What is Co-Dominance?
Environmental selective pressure that favors one extreme trait over the other
What is Directional Selection?
Part of amino acids that makes each amino acid different and is responsible for proteins properties
What is the R-group?
Organelle that packages and transports materials in vesicles
What is the Golgi Body?
Method in achieving homeostasis where the stimulus is amplified over time to achieve a response
What is Positive Feedback?
Process where nucleosomes in the DNA are coiled very tightly, causing a gene to become inaccessible
A situation where evolution does not take place in a population in the absence of certain disturbing factors
What is Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium?
Process where glucose is turned into 2 pyruvate for a net gain of 2 ATP
What is Glycolysis?
If a plant cell with a water potential of -2.0 bars is placed into a 1.0 M sucrose solution with a water potential of -3.0 bars, where will water flow?
Out of the cell and into the solution
A hormone in plants that begins the process of fruit ripening and leaves falling off
What is Ethylene?
Transcription factors bind to this region to begin transcription of a gene
Differentiation of one species into two because a geographical barrier prevents gene flow
What is Allopatric Speciation?
The movement of H+ ions across a membrane, down their concentration gradient, used to produce ATP
What is Chemiosmosis?
Three kinds of molecules that can diffuse across a phospholipid bilayer
What are gases, hydrophobic molecules, and small polar molecules?
Genes coding for proteins that function to restrict the cell cycle or even cause apoptosis
What are Tumor Suppressor Genes?
These are the three phases of both transcription and translation of a gene
What are Initiation, Elongation, and Termination?
Type of barrier where two different species are unable to mate due to different mating calls
What is a Behavioral Barrier?