Acids & Bases
Naming & Formulas
Neutralization Rxn's
pH & Acid Rain
Real-World Apps
100

Identify whether NaOH and HCl are acids or bases.

NaOH is a base, HCl is an acid.

100

What is the formula for hydrochloric acid?

HCl

100

What are the two products of a neutralization reaction?

Salt and water (H₂O)

100

What pH value is considered neutral?

pH 7

100

What common household product is a base used to relieve heartburn?

Antacids or baking soda (sodium bicarbonate)

200

Name one property of acids and one of bases.

Acids: sour taste, turn litmus red; Bases: bitter taste, slippery feel, turn litmus blue.

200


Name the acid with the formula H₂SO₄.

Sulfuric acid

200

Predict the products of HCl + NaOH.

NaCl + H₂O

200


Is a solution with pH 3 acidic or basic?

Acidic

200

What is one real-world use of a neutralization reaction?

Treating acidic soil, antacid tablets, or wastewater treatment. If an acid is spilled, neutralizing it with a base.

300

What ion do acids release in water? What ion do bases release?

Acids release H⁺ (hydrogen ions), bases release OH⁻ (hydroxide ions).

300


Write the formula for calcium hydroxide.

Ca(OH)₂

300

Write and balance the equation for H₂SO₄ + Mg(OH)₂.

H₂SO₄ + Mg(OH)₂ → MgSO₄ + 2H₂O

300

What happens to the pH of a base when water is added?

The pH decreases (becomes less basic).

300

What is acid rain and what causes it?

Rain that is more acidic than normal due to sulfur dioxide (SO₂) and nitrogen oxides (NOₓ) in the atmosphere.

400

What colour does phenolphthalein turn in a base?

Pink

400


Differentiate between a binary acid and an oxyacid with examples.

Binary acids: contain H and one nonmetal (e.g., HCl)

Oxyacids: contain H, O, and another element (e.g., H₂SO₄).

400


Name the salt formed in the reaction between hydrobromic acid and barium hydroxide.

Barium bromide (BaBr₂)

400

Below which pH is considered acid rain? 

Anything below pH 5

400

Name one environmental and one economic consequence of acid rain.

Environmental: damages forests/lakes,  Economic: corrodes buildings/statues

500

Explain how to identify an unknown solution as an acid or base using indicators.

Use litmus paper (red = acid, blue = base), universal indicator, or phenolphthalein (colourless in acid, pink in base).

500


Given the name phosphorous acid, write the correct chemical formula and explain your reasoning.

H₃PO₃ – "phosphorous" indicates one less oxygen than "phosphoric" (H₃PO₄).

500

Identify the acid and base that formed Al(ClO₃)₃ in a neutralization reaction.

Acid: Chloric acid (HClO₃), Base: Aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)₃)

500

You test three unknown liquids with universal indicator

Liquid A turns red

Liquid B turns green

Liquid C turns purple

Rank the liquids from most acidic to most basic, and explain what the color tells you about their pH.

Red (Liquid A) = most acidic (pH around 1–3)

Green (Liquid B) = neutral (pH ~7)

Purple (Liquid C) = most basic (pH around 11–14)

The universal indicator changes coluor based on pH:

  • Red = strong acid
  • Green = neutral
  • Purple = strong base
500

Suggest one solution to reduce acid rain and explain how it works.

Using scrubbers in factories to remove SO₂ from emissions or switching to renewable energy to reduce fossil fuel use. You could have also talked about paint and phytoremediation (plants)