Basics of Electrodiagnostics
The two major types of tests used in electrodiagnostics to evaluate the peripheral nervous system.
What are, (i) Nerve Conduction Studies (Motor, Sensory) and (ii) Needle Electromyography (EMG)?
This ion is found in high concentrations outside the axonal membrane, crucial for generating an action potential.
What is Sodium (Na+)?
The primary purpose of performing electrodiagnostic tests.
What is to evaluate if there is a problem with the peripheral nervous system/neuromuscular disorder, localize the lesion, and identify the involved fiber type and pathology? (accept any of these)
It's a bundle of axons that transmit signals to and from various parts of the body.
What is a nerve?
What famous scientist, known for his theory of relativity, experienced a motorboat accident that led to his need for physical rehabilitation?
Isaac Newton
Thomas Edison
Albert Einstein
Marie Curie
Albert Einstein
This term refers to the electrode known as "the green one" in nerve conduction studies.
What is the ground electrode?
The influx of this ion presynaptically leads to the release of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction.
What is Calcium (Ca2+)?
This nerve conduction pattern is characterized by reduced amplitude in CMAP or SNAP but with normal or slightly decreased conduction velocity.
What is Axonal Loss?
This term refers to a single motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it innervates.
What is a motor unit?
In 1944, the first comprehensive rehabilitation center in the United States was established for veterans of World War II. What is the name of this renowned facility?
Mayo Clinic
Walter Reed National Military Medical Center
Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine
Shirley Ryan AbilityLab
Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine
This is what the abbreviation CMAP stands for in motor nerve conduction studies.
What is Compound Motor Action Potential?
This term describes when the electrical impulse travels in the opposite direction of normal physiological conduction.
What is Antidromic?
A prolonged distal latency greater than 130% and uniform slowing of conduction velocity below 75% normal, indicates this type of nerve pathology.
What is Demyelination?
This space between the presynaptic and postsynaptic regions contains an enzyme that degrades acetylcholine.
What is the synaptic cleft?
The use of hydrotherapy, or water-based exercises, is a common technique in rehabilitation. Which of the following is a known benefit of hydrotherapy for rehabilitation purposes?
Increased risk of injuries
Reduced resistance to movement
Enhanced buoyancy and reduced impact on joints
Decreased cardiovascular fitness
Enhanced buoyancy and reduced impact on joints
This term refers to the time interval between the onset of a stimulus and the onset or peak of response in NCS.
What is latency?
This is the term to describe the type of nerve fibers that have the fastest conduction velocity.
What is large diameter and/or myelinated axon?
This EMG parameter represents the compound action potential from muscle fibers of a single motor unit within the recording range of a needle electrode.
What is Motor Unit Action Potential (MUAP)?
This is the connective tissue surrounding the entire nerve, holding the fascicles together and protecting it from compression.
What is epineurium?
Which adaptive sport, designed for individuals with mobility impairments, has been popularized by athletes like Aaron "Wheelz" Fotheringham and is often performed in specialized wheelchairs?
Synchronized swimming
Wheelchair basketball
Wheelchair motocross (WCMX)
Paragliding
Wheelchair motocross (WCMX)
This measurement in NCS represents the maximal height of an action potential from the baseline to the negative peak.
What is Amplitude?
This term describes the direction of electrical impulse travel that is the same as normal physiological conduction.
What is Orthodromic?
This type of needle EMG finding includes fibrillation potentials and positive sharp waves.
What is abnormal spontaneous activity?
These muscle fibers are larger, have a higher innervation ratio, and produce higher amounts of torque for relatively short duration.
What are Type II or Fast/Fatigable muscle fibers?
The Paralympic Games, which showcase the athletic abilities of people with disabilities, run parallel to the Olympic Games. In what year were the Paralympics first officially held?
1960
1988
2000
1972
1960