Ch. 16
Provide an example of a cnidarian
Jellyfish, sea anemone, corals, hydra
What are chelicerates named for?
Chelicerae - the pincer or claw-like appendage found on spiders and scorpions
What are the 3 kinds of fish we covered?
Jawless, Bony, Cartilaginous
Provide an example of a wing type used by birds
High-lift, Soaring, High-speed, Elliptical
Provide an example for how the integumentary system helps the body maintain homeostasis
Sweating via sweat glands, sensing temperature, protection from drying out and infection
What is a mollusk, and provide an example for each.
Gastropods: slug
Cephalopods: Octopus, squid
Bivalves: Clams, oysters, muscles
T/F: All chelicerates are arachnids
False-
Horseshoe crabs are an example of a chelicerate that is not an arachnid, but still has chelicerae
How do saltwater bony fish osmoregulate?
Salt pumps in their gills to pump out excess salt
What structure do birds need in order to fly? (hint: not wings)
The keel bone - this is where flight muscles attach at the chest of the bird
What are the layers of the integumentary system?
The skin consists of the dermis and epidermis, and below this lies the subcutaneous layer
What is an example of an echinoderm?
Star fish, sea urchin, brittle star, sea lily, sea pig
T/F: Crustaceans have antennae
True-
They have 2 pairs
What structures/strategies do amphibians use for respiration/breathing?
Perform gas exchange across their skin, buccal pumping, lungs
What is unique about the way birds digest their food?
In addition to the stomach, they have a crop and a gizzard
What is the role of the spleen in our immune response?
The spleen produces B cells, which help produce antibodies
What different kinds of symmetry might an animal have?
Bilateral or Radial
How do insects breathe?
They use trachea that branch throughout their body and connect to the outside world through small pores called spiracles
What are the 3 orders of amphibians?
Frogs, Salamaders, Caecilians
What structure is unique to mammals?
Hair/fur
What is the difference between cell-mediated and humoral immunity?
Cell-mediated:Uses primarily T-cells to fight antigens that have infected cells
Humoral: Relies primarily on B-cells, and takes place in the fluid between cells
What does "cephalization" refer to?
The concentration of nerves/senses in one place, the head, of an organism
What do arthropods have to support their bodies?
Exoskeletons made up of chitin, which must be molted as they do not grow along with the organism
What is unique about the development of an amphibian from egg to adult?
They undergo metamorphosis from egg - tadpole - adult
What are the benefits of different eye placements for predators and prey?
Eyes at the front of the face allow for depth perception
Eyes at the side of the head allow for wide views of surroundings, good peripheral vision
T-cells are produced in the _____ and mature in the ______, while B-cells are produced in the _____ and mature in the ______
T-cells:
Produced in the bone marrow, mature in the thymus
B-cells:
Produced in the spleen and bone marrow, mature in bone marrow