I hear the train a coming
Diffuse inflammation of external ear canal
What is otitis externa?
Young children average 6-10/year and it is characterized by low-grade fever, rhinitis; resolves by 10th day
What is the common cold?
Blood pressure of ≥90th percentile to <95th percentile in a child <13 years of age.
What is elevated blood pressure in a child <13 years of age?
Used as part of the workup for infants at risk of septicemia though nonspecific it is more specific than WBC in detecting bacterial infections.
What is C-reactive protein?
Yellow-green purulent discharge, encrusted/matted eyelids on awakening, burning, stinging, itching, injected conjunctiva.
What is bacterial conjunctivitis?
Otalgia, fever, and irritability in child with bulging tympanic membrane.
What is acute otitis media?
Sore throat, fever, malaise, anterior cervical adenopathy, tonsillar exudate, and headache that abruptly appear without nasal symptoms or congestion.
What is pharyngitis? (Strep most likely)
A new murmur at 2-3 weeks. When the pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) hits its nadir, left-to-right shunting lesions become apparent
What is a VSD?
Characterized by fever, vesicular eruptions in the oropharynx that may ulcerate, and a maculopapular rash involving the hands and feet.
What is hand, foot, and mouth disease?
Infection of sebaceous glands, eyelids, or meibomian glands.
What is a stye or hordoleum?
Recommended at 3 years and required at 4 to 10-year visits and once at 11-14-, 15-17-, and 18–20-year visits.
When is hearing screening recommended and when is it required?
Slight dyspnea, tachypnea, retractions
Mild, brassy/barky cough
Stridor, barky cough, low-grade to high fever, substernal/chest wall retractions.
Epiglottis appears normal.
What is laryngotracheobronchitis (croup)?
Left to right shunting vs right to left shunting.
What is acyanotic vs cyanotic?
Transmission occurs readily in households and childcare centers; risk factors include personal contact with an infected individual, international travel, recognized foodborne outbreak.
What is hepatitis A?
Acute febrile illness with swelling/erythema of tissues around eye. May have deep red eyelid. May have bacteremia/sinusitis symptoms.
What is periorbital cellulitis?
These vaccines have been shown to be helpful in the prevention of AOM.
What are pneumococcal and annual influenza vaccines?
Lower ribs/sternum bow inwards with a resultant concave chest versus bowing out of sternum
Pectus excavatum versus Pectus carinatum
Characterized by poor weight gain, dyspnea and cyanosis, increase noted by 2-4 months, especially with crying, feeding.
What is tetrology of fallot?
4 defects - pulm stenosis, overriding aorta, RV hypertrophy, and VSD.
With this condition, a child is contagious 1 to 2 days before symptom onset (3–5 days before the rash) until 4 days after the rash appears, or roughly 14 days (range 7–18 days).
What is measles?
Acute onset of pain, red eye, photophobia, blurred/decreased vision (key findings), excessive tearing, erythema, circumcorneal injection.
May also see hypopyon, cloudy appearance, bulging iris.
What is uveitis?
Standard treatment for AOM.
What is Amoxicillin 80–90 mg/kg/day divided twice a day (maximum dose 2–3 g daily)?
Characterized by 4 D's - drooling, dysphagia, dysphonia, distress.
What is epiglottitis?
Cardiothoracic ratio.
What is the maximum transverse diameter of the heart divided by the greatest internal diameter of the thoracic cage <0.5?
Prodrome: mild fever (15–30% of cases), myalgia, headache, malaise, and/or URI symptoms.
2. Rash: Appears 7 to 10 days after the prodromal stage and occurs in three stages: it first appears on the face as an intense red eruption on the cheeks (slapped cheek) with circumoral pallor that lasts 1 to 4 days. Next, a lacy maculopapular eruption appears on the trunk and moves peripherally to the arms, thighs, and buttocks.
What is erythema infectiousum or Fifth's Disease?
Diagnosed with cover/uncover test and/or corneal light reflex (Hirschberg test).
What is strabismus?