Finance & Financial Analysis
Marketing & Market Strategies
Business Strategies & Growth
Human Resources & Motivation
100

This form of long-term debt financing is unsecured and based solely on the borrower’s creditworthiness.

What is a debenture?

100

It’s when a product is priced super low to enter a market or beat competitors.

What is penetration pricing?


100

The management approach that integrates environmental and social concerns with business strategy.

What is corporate social responsibility (CSR)?

100

According to Herzberg, this factor prevents dissatisfaction but does not motivate if improved.

What is a hygiene factor?

200

This profitability ratio is calculated by dividing net profit before interest and tax by capital employed.



What is the return on capital employed (ROCE)?

200

In an oversaturated market, companies often resort to this strategy, modifying or enhancing their products to remain competitive.

What is product differentiation?

200

This Japanese term refers to continuous, incremental improvement across all areas of a firm.

What is Kaizen?

200

In expectancy theory, this factor measures how strongly someone believes performance will lead to a specific outcome.



What is instrumentality?

300

This type of budgeting involves setting financial targets for each department based on expected outcomes, encouraging efficiency and accountability.

What is zero-based budgeting?

300

You're not creating demand — you're capturing it. This approach is what you're using.

What is  customer-oriented marketing?

300

A company uses this strategy when it cuts costs to compete in price wars.

What is cost leadership?

300

According to Herzberg, giving employees more responsibility and control over their work tasks is known as this.

What is job enrichment?

400

This measure of profitability compares operating profit to revenue, showing how efficiently a business turns sales into profit before interest and tax.

What is the operating profit margin?

400

Two competing brands merge their features to create one “power” offering.

What is co-branding?

400

This occurs when a firm expands operations across different industries, often diluting its core focus.



What is conglomerate diversification?

400

When an employer formally agrees to conduct negotiations on pay and working conditions with a trade union rather than bargain individually with each worker.



What is Trade union recognition

500

This investment appraisal technique considers both the time value of money and the project's overall profitability, using a discount rate to evaluate returns.

What is Net Present Value (NPV)?

500

This marketing approach sells the same product using different branding in different regions.

What is global localization?

500

This strategic approach redefines an industry’s structure and value chain, creating uncontested market space and new demand.



What is a blue ocean strategy?

500

This method of workforce planning uses internal data and external market trends to forecast staffing needs, skills gaps, and training requirements.

What is workforce analytics?